70 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 16 
toward the apex with yellowish-white spreading hairs, these extending to the veins; veins 
evident, 15-18 .pairs, close, forked at the base; sori small, 8-10 pairs, seated against the 
costule, contiguous, extending half way or more to the apex; indusia yellowish-brown, 
rigid, shallow, persistent; receptacles conspicuous, setiferous. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. 
DISTRIBUTION: Common in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica, at altitudes of from 1500 to 2100 
meters; also in Porto Rico, at the summit of El Yunque; reported from Haiti. 
5. Cyathea balanocarpa D. C. Eaton, Mem. Am. 
Acad. II. 8: 215. 1860. 
Caudex erect, 2-4.5 meters high, 8 cm. or more in diameter, rough above with stipe- 
bases of previous seasons; fronds several, erect or slightly spreading, narrowly lanceolate, 
1.5-2.5 meters long, 40-70 cm. broad in the middle, the apex acute or acuminate, the base 
short-attenuate, finally abruptly reduced, the basal pinnae short and distant ; stipe 10 cm. 
or more long, 1-1.5 cm. in diameter, light-brownish, densely and minutely furfuraceous, 
armed with numerous stout ebeneous shining curved spines 4-6 mm. long, and clothed 
with scattering brownish linear-lanceolate scales 5-7 mm. long; rachis spiny or tuberculate 
at the base, above light-brownish, minutely furfuraceous; pitmae numerous, approximate, 
slightly oblique, sessile, narrowly deltoid-lanceolate, the middle ones 25-37 cm. long, 4-7 
em. broad, with 35-50 pairs of spaced pinnules below the crenulate caudate apex; pinnules 
linear-oblong, the lower ones straight, free, auriculate at the inner base, the margins irreg- 
ularly and deeply dentate-crenate, the upper pinnules similarly auriculate, gradually adnate, 
subfalcate, the margins subentire or interruptedly sinuate-crenate ; secondary rachises fur- 
furaceous with small lacerate yellowish dark-tipped scales, with yellowish hairs intermixed ; 
costae similarly clothed, but also with numerous yellowish bullate imbricate ciliate scales; 
veins evident, 12-18 pairs, close, 1-3-forked, or those of the lobes mostly pinnately forked; 
sori 8-15 pairs, near the conspicuously elevated costa, faced outward, occupying most of 
the pinnule; indusium hemispheric, reddish-brown with age; receptacle large, capitate, 
setiferous, protruding. 
TYPE LOCALITY : Eastern Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of eastern Cuba, on partially wooded mountain slopes, at an alti- 
tude of from 1000 to 1200 meters. 
6. Cyathea jamaicensis Jenman, Jour. Bot. 20: 323. 1882. 
Caudex 3-4 meters high, ‘‘ smooth and naked below, scaly at the top’’; fronds ample, 
2 meters or more long, 45-60 cm. broad, tripinnatifid, acuminate, tapering below, scarcely 
stipitate, the lower pinnae greatly reduced, the rachis pale-brown, smooth, glabrous; char- 
acteristic pinnae 30-40 cm. long, 5-6 cm. broad, sessile, spreading, approximate, acumi- 
nate, the secondary rachis pale-brown, appressed-hirsute above, below nearly naked, with 
a few reduced brownish stellate scales; pinnules strictly sessile, 2.5-3 cm. long, 8-12 mm. 
broad, lanceolate, deeply pinnatifid, the apex broad, serrulate or subentire, acute, the costa 
smooth or nearly so on both surfaces; segments 6-8 pairs, triangular to oblong, 2.5-3 mm. 
broad, unequal in length, the apex subacute, the costule bearing a few minute whitish 
bullate scales; veins 3-6 pairs to each segment, mostly simple; sori basal upon the lower- 
most veins, usually one or two to each segment; indusia small, dark-brown, shallow; re- 
ceptacle stout, obconical, fragile, long-exserted beyond the even firm margin of the indu- 
sium. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Vicinity of Mansfield, above Bath, Jamaica. 
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type specimens (Wilson 686). 
7. Cyathea arborea (L.) Smith, Mém. Acad. Turin 5: 417. 1793. 
Polypodium arboreum Y,. Sp. Pi, 1092. 1753. 
Disphenia arborea Presl, Tent. Pterid. 56. 1836. 
Hemiteltia arborea Fée, Mém. Foug. 5: 350. 1852. 
Caudex erect, 4-12 meters high, the fronds usually in a close divaricate crown, articu- 
late and readily separable, the caudex with about 8-10 ranks of close-set to tessellate, oval, 
rounded-ovate, obovate, or broadly subhexagonal, scabrous scars about 2~4cm.in diameter, 
