8 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLumME 17 
olive-brown, shining; stipe short, about 1 mm. long; body fusiform, about 8 mm. long; 
beak 34 mm. long; stigma linear, 2.5-3.5 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY : Medford, Massachusetts. 
DISTRIBUTION : Ponds and streams, from Massachusetts and New York to Missouri and Illinois. 
7. Sparganium simplex Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 401. 1778. 
Sparganium erectum BL, Sp. Pl. 971. 1753. 
Perennial, with a rootstock and numerous roots at the base of the stem; stem stout, 
usually 2.5-7 dm. high; leaves light-green, below strongly triangular-keeled, acute, 5-9 
dm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, often more or less scarious-margined below; bracts flat, slightly 
keeled; inflorescence usually simple; pistillate heads 2~5, the lowest one or two stalked, 
at least some of them supra-axillary ; staminate heads 4-8; fruiting heads about 3 cm. in 
diameter ; sepals spatulate, erdse, more or less distinctly clawed; achenes brown or some- 
times greenish-brown, shining; stipe 2~3 mm. long; body fusiform, often constricted at 
the middle, 5-6 mm. long; beak fully as long; stigma linear, about 2 mm. long; anthers 
oblong, about 1.5 mm. long, about one fourth as thick. ; 
TYPE LOCALITY: Norwich, England. 
DISTRIBUTION: Europe and northern Asia; in America apparently confined to Quebec and 
Ontario in the east and Washington and British Columbia in the west. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Engl. Bot. p/. 745; Fl. Dan. f/. 932; Baxter, Brit. Bot. p/. 276; Sv. Bot. fl. 
342, Bild. Nord. Fl. £2. #92; Fl. Deuts. ed. 5. £2. 132; Engler, Pflanzenreich #0: f. 3K. 
8. Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydberg, sp. nov. 
Perennial, with a creeping rootstock and numerous roots from the thickened portion at 
the base of the stem; stem slender, 3-6 dm. high, sometimes floating; leaves slender, 3-6 
cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, at least the middle ones keeled; bracts similar, ascending, only 
slightly if at all dilated or scarious at the base; inflorescence simple; pistillate heads 2-4, all 
sessile or the lowest one peduncled, some of them supra-axillary ; staminate heads 3-7 ; fruit- 
ing heads 2-2.5 cm. in diameter; sepals two thirds as long as the achenes, spatulate-erose 
at the apex, the blades gradually tapering into the claws; achenes green, rather dull; stipe 
about 2 mm. long; body fusiform, 4-5 mm. long; beak about 4 mm. long; stigma about 
1.5 mm. long. 
Type collected in Emmet County, Iowa, in September, 1898, Miss Alta Cratty (herb. N. Y, 
Bot. Gard.). 
DISTRIBUTION : Marshes and rivers, Western New York, Indiana, and Iowa. 
9. Sparganium diversifolium Graebner, Schr. Nat. Ges. 
Danzig II. 9: 335. 1895. 
Perennial; stem erect, 2.5-10 dm. high; leaves narrow, 3-5 mm. wide, abruptly acute, 
the lower altogether flat, without keel, with obsolete midrib, the upper convex on the 
back or in the lower part sharply keeled, flat toward the apex; inflorescence simple, the 
upper portion often drooping ; pistillate heads 1-3, distant; staminate heads 1-6, distant ; 
fruiting heads 2 cm. in diameter; sepals narrow, cuneate, tapering into a claw; achenes 
dark grayish-brown, with prominent nerves; body obovoid, tapering below into a short 
stipe, above abruptly contracted into the short beak ; stigma lance-linear. 
TYPE LOCALITY: West Prussia. ‘ 
DISTRIBUTION: Central and northern Europe; also in Newfoundland, New Hampshire, and 
Minnesota, according to Graebner. 
ILLUSTRATIONS : Schr. Nat. Ges. Danzig II. 9: #/.8, f. 1; Engler, Pilanzenreich 49: f. 4 F. 
10. Sparganium acaule (Beeby) Rydberg. 
Sparganium simplex acaule Beeby ; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 5: 367. 1890. 
Sparganium diversifolium nanum Graebner, in Engler, Pflanzenreich 49: 21, 1900. 
Sparganium nanum Fries ; Graebner, in Engler, Pflanzenreich 410: 21, assynonym. 1900. 
Sparganium diversifolium acaule Fernald & Eames, Rhodora 9: 88. 1907. 
Perennial ; stem erect, 1-3 dm. high, strict; leaves erect, triangular-keeled, 2-4 dm. 
long, overtopping the stem, 2-4 mm. wide, cellular-reticulate ; bracts almost erect, similar 
to the leaves, but dilated and broadly scarious-margined at the base; inflorescence simple ; 
pistillate heads 1-3, crowded, usually all sessile, supra-axillary, rarely the lowest short- 
