Part 2, 1912] POACEAE 155 
and third scales with the internerves and margins more or less appressed-pubescent, the second 
3-nerved, nearly as long as the 7-nerved third, which -is empty or encloses a minute palet; 
fourth or fruiting scale elliptic, acute, brown, papillose, cartilaginous-indurated, the delicate 
hyaline margins flat, enclosing a palet of similar texture and a perfect flower. Stamens 3. 
Styles long and delicate. Stigmas plumose. Grain plano-convex in cross-section, oblong- 
elliptic, free. , 
Type species, Panicum cognaitum Schultes. 
1. Leptoloma cognatum (Schultes) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. 
Wash. 19: 192. 1906. 
Panicum divergens Muhl.; Ell. Bot. S.C. & Ga.1:130. 1816. Not P, divergens H.B.K. 1815. 
Panicum cognatum Schultes, in R. & S. Syst. Veg. Mant. 2: 235. 1824. 
Panicum autumnale Bosc ; Spreng. Syst. 1: 320. 1825, 
Stems tufted, 3-6 dm. long, at first erect, finally prostrate and branched at the base; leaf- 
sheaths usually longer than the internodes, glabrous or pubescent; blades erect, linear to 
linear-lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, the primary ones 3-8 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, those 
on the branches smaller; panicle at first included at the base, finally exserted, as broad as or 
broader than long, the branches very long and finally spreading; spikelets on pedicels many 
times their length, 2.5-3 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Beaufort, South Carolina. 
DISTRIBUTION: New Hampshire to Minnesota, south to Florida and northern Mexico. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. U. S. Dept. Agr. Agrost. 17: f. 347 ; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. £276. 
46. THRASYA H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:120. 1815. 
Perennials with slender branched stems, narrow leaf-blades, and an inflorescence of a 
single terminal spike-like raceme with the rachis winged, the wings partially embracing the 
spikelets. Spikelets articulated to the pedicel below the scales, with a short basal callus, 
1- or 2-flowered, apparently solitary, but actually in pairs on one side of the rachis, the pedicel 
of the primary spikelet grown to the midnerve of the rachis, alternate spikelets placed suc- 
cessively with the back and front to the rachis. Scales 4; first scale minute, sometimes nerve- 
less and hyaline; second scale membranous, shorter than the spikelet; third scale often hispid, 
somewhat indurated, the middie part thinner and readily splitting to the base, or merely 
deeply furrowed, enclosing a palet nearly as long as itself and often also a staminate flower; 
fourth or fruiting scale indurated, papillose, oblong-elliptic, often with stiff hairs at the summit, 
the margins thin and flat, more or less pubescent. Stamens 3. Styles distinct. Stigmas 
plumose. 
Type species, Thrasya paspaloides H.B.K. 
1. Thrasya campylostachya (Hack.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc. 
Wash. 24: 115. 1911. 
Panicum campylosiachyum Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Zeits. 51: 367. 1901. 
Stems up to 1 m. tall, with several naked raceme-bearing branches arising from the upper- 
most sheath; leaf-sheaths papillose-pubescent; blades up to 1.5 dm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, rigid, 
pubescent; racemes solitary at the apex of the stem and branches, slender, usually somewhat 
curved, 4-6 cm. long; spikelets loosely imbricate, spreading from the rachis, about 2.5 mm. 
long, glabrous, pale-green, the first scale one fourth to one third as long as the spikelet, ovate, 
obtuse, nerveless, the second scale about three fourths as long as the spikelet, oval, obscurely 
3-nerved, obtuse, convex, the third scale as long as the spikelet, obtuse, oval, flat, with a 
broad furrow down the middle, the fourth or fruiting scale obtuse, oval, very convex, scaberulous. 
TYPE LOCALITY: In savannas at Cafias Gordas, Costa Rica. 
DISTRIBUTION : Guatemala to Costa Rica. 
47. ECHINOLAENA Desv. Tour. de Bot. Desv. II. 1: 75. 1813. 
Grasses with freely branching decumbent or creeping stems, and: an inflorescence of a 
single spike-like raceme, or of several rather loose racemes. Spikelets articulated to the 
