278 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vomjme 17 



like the culm; ligule 3-4 mm. long; blades thick, ascending or spreading, 8-15 cm. long, 1-2 cm. 

 wide, sharply acuminate, rounded at the base, glabrous on the upper surface, densely velvety- 

 hirsute beneath, usually short-ciliate nearly to the apex; panicles short-exserted or included at 

 the base, 7-12 cm, long, as wide or wider, loosely flowered, the branches finally spreading; 

 spikelets 4-4.3 mm. long, 2-2.2 mm. wide, obovate, turgid and blunt, sparsely papillose-pubes- 

 cent ; first glume one third to two fifths the length of the spikelet, acute ; second glume and sterile 

 lemma subequal, scarcely equaling the fruit at maturity, strongly nerved; fruit 3.2 mm. long, 

 2 mm. wide, elliptic, minutely apiculate. 



Autumnal phase more or less spreading, branching from the middle and upper nodes, the 

 short branchlets crowded at the summit late in the season, the reduced blades ascending, over- 

 topping the small panicles. 



Type locality: South Carolina. 



Distribution: Maryland to Missouri, and south to Florida and Texas. 



Illustrations: Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 15: /. 323; Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. ed. 2./. 376. 



186. Panicum Leibergii (Vasey) Scribn.; Nash, in Britt. & Brown, 



111. Fl. 3: 497. 1898. 



Panicum scoparium Leibergii Vasey, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Bot. 8: 32. 1889. 



Panicum Scribnerianum Leibergii Scribn. ; T. A. Williams, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 6:*32. 1897. 



Milium Leibergii Uinell, Am. Midi. Nat. 4: 213. 1915. 



Vernal phase dull-green, in clumps of few to several slender culms, 25-75 cm. high, erect 

 from a more or less geniculate base, pilose to merely scabrous; leaf-sheaths shorter than the 

 internodes, papillose-hispid with spreading hairs; ligule almost obsolete; blades ascending or 

 erect, rather thin, 6-15 cm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, narrowed toward the rounded base, acuminate, 

 papillose-hispid on both surfaces, often sparsely so above, papillose-ciliate from one third to 

 half their length; panicles finally long-exserted, 8-15 cm. long, less than half as wide, the 

 flexuous branches narrowly ascending or somewhat spreading at anthesis; spikelets 3.7-4 mm. 

 long, 1.8-2 mm. wide, oblong-obovate, turgid, strongly papillose-hispid with spreading hairs; 

 first glume more than half the length of the spikelet, pointed; second glume and sterile lemma 

 subequal, covering the fruit at maturity or the lemma slightly exceeding it; fruit 3 mm. long, 

 1.7-1.8 mm. wide, obovate-oval. 



Autumnal phase more or less leaning, sparingly branching from the middle and lower nodes 

 late in summer, the branches mostly simple, erect, the blades scarcely reduced, usually exceed- 

 ing the short-exserted panicles. 



Type locality: Plymouth County, Iowa. 



Distribution: New York' to Manitoba, and south to Ohio and Kansas. 



Illustrations: Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 8: pi. 3; 17: /. 397; Contr. TJ. S. Nat. Herb. IS: 

 /. 325; Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 3: App. /. 259a; ed. 2. /. 371. 



187. Panicum xanthophysiim A. Gray, N. Am. Gram. & 



Cyp. 28. 1834. 



Panicum xanthophysum amplifolium Scribn.; Brainerd, Jones & Eggl. Fl. Vt. 104. 1900. 



Vernal phase yellowish-green, in loose tufts of few to many culms, 20-55 cm. high, erect 

 or ascending, more or less scabrous ; leaf-sheaths loose, about as long as the internodes or longer, 

 sparsely papillose-pilose and ciliate at least toward the summit, rarely nearly glabrous; ligule 

 1 mm. long; blades erect or nearly so, rather thin, prominently nerved, 10-15 cm. long, rarely 

 longer, 1-2 cm. wide, acuminate, slightly narrowed to the rounded papillose-ciliate base, other- 

 wide glabrous, the uppermost blade not reduced, sometimes the largest; panicles finally long- 

 exserted, 5-12 cm. long, very narrow, sometimes appearing almost racemose, few-flowered, 

 the stiff branches erect or nearly so; spikelets 3.7-4 mm. long, 2-2.1 mm. wide, obovate, turgid 

 and blunt at maturity, pubescent; first glume about half as long as the spikelet, pointed; second 

 glume scarcely equaling the fruit and sterile lemma at maturity; fruit 2.9-3 mm. long, 2 mm. 

 wide, obovate-oval, minutely umbonate. 



Autumnal phase erect or ascending, branching from the second and third nodes, the 



+ 



branches erect, mostly simple, the blades not reduced, usually equaling the 'short-exserted 



panicles, the large, erect blades making the plant appear leafy in the middle. 



Type locality : Pine plains, near Oneida Lake, New York. 

 Distribution: Quebec to Minnesota, and south to Pennsylvania. 



Illustrations: Trin. Ic. pi. 357; Torr. Fl. N. Y. pi. 146: Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Agrost. 17: 

 399; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 15: /. 327; Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl./. 258; ed. 2./. 374. 



