288 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 17 



ciliate base, the lower and especially the basal blades gradually tapering into a narrow, more 

 or less folded, petiole-like base, ciliate on the margins, puberulent on the upper surface at the 

 very base; panicles short-exserted, 15-20 cm. long, less than one fourth as wide, the slender 

 angled axis and branches glabrous, the branches remote, rather stiffly ascending, with short 

 ascending remote branchlets, these spikelet-bearing from the base, more or less pilose in the 

 axils, the lower branches about 10 cm. long; spikelets rather short-pediceled, russet-brown, 



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2.5-3 mm. long, about 0.9 mm. wide, acuminate, very sparsely appressed-pilose; first glume 

 minute, hyaline ; second glume and sterile lemma rather faintly nerved, subequal, or the acumi- 

 nate tip of the glume exceeding the lemma, the sterile palea wanting; fruit 2.4 mm. long, 0.8 

 mm. wide, the lemma and palea not greatly indurated, the lemma minutely pubescent at the 

 pointed apex, the palea at the very tip not enclosed. 



Type locality: Cubilquitz, Guatemala. 

 Distribution: Known only from the type collection. 

 Illustration: Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 17: /. 145. 



210. Panicum zizanioides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 100. 1815. 



Panicum oryzoides Sw. Prodr. 23. 1788. Not P. oryzoides Ard. 1764. 

 ? Panicum Balbisianum Schultes, in R. & S. Syst. Veg. Mant. 2: 254. 1824. 

 Panicum gr-andiflorum Trin.; Nees, Agrost. Bras. 143, as synonym. 1829. 

 Panicum pseudoryzoides Steud; Syn. Gram. 75. 1854. 



Plants perennial, decumbent at base, rooting and rather sparingly branching at the lower 



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nodes; culms spreading or ascending, 0.5-1 meter long beyond the decumbent base, rather 



robust, more or less angled, glabrous, rarely with a few appressed hairs below the glabrous 

 nodes; leaf-sheaths densely short-ciliate, otherwise glabrous or papillose-hirsute toward the 

 summit; ligule nearly obsolete; blades 4—15 cm. long, 8-30 mm. wide, cordate-clasping, acumi- 

 nate, glabrous or rarely with a few appressed hairs; panicles short r exserted, 10-25 cm. long, 

 composed of a few ascending or appressed, stiff, slender branches 3-10 cm. long, bearing through- 



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out their length short, appressed branchlets with more or less secund spikelets, mostly two on 

 each branchlet, one nearly sessile, the other on a pedicel about as long as the spikelet, the 

 branchlets angled, scabrous; spikelets 5.5-6 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide, and as thick or thicker, 

 obovoid, abruptly short-pointed, glabrous; first glume about two thirds the length of the spike- 

 let, acute, 3-5-nerved; second glume and sterile lemma equal, abruptly contracted into a short, 

 keeled tip, 5 -nerved, the lateral nerves of the lemma usually obsolete below the summit, the 

 sterile palea about two thirds as long as its lemma; fruit 4.7-5 mm. long, 1.8-2 mm. wide, be- 

 coming dark-brown at maturity, smooth and shining, the lemma somewhat boat-shaped and 

 with a short, erose, laterally compressed crest at the apex, the apex of the palea similarly com- 

 pressed and bent outward. 



Type locality: Colombia. 



Distribution: Mexico and the West Indies to Paraguay. 



Illustrations: Kunth, Rev. Gram. pi. 28; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 15: /. 367. 



211. Panicum gymnocarpon Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1: 117. 1816. 



Panicum monachnoides Desv. Opusc. 86. 1831. 



Panicum Drummondii Nees; Steud. Syn. Gram. 63. 1854. 



Phanopyrum gymnocarpon Nash, in Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 104. 1903. 



Plants perennial, with a succulent, decumbent or creeping base, sometimes as much as 

 2 meters long, rooting at the nodes, glabrous throughout; culms erect or ascending, 60-100 cm. 

 high, rather thick and succulent; nodes often dark-colored; leaf-sheaths shorter than the in- 

 ternodes, sometimes ciliate near the summit; ligule membranaceous, about 1 mm. long, decur- 

 rent down the margin of the sheath; blades linear-lanceolate, 20-35 cm. long, or the upper and 

 lower shorter, usually 15-25 mm. wide, flat, scarcely narrowed at the cordate, sparingly ciliate 

 base, narrowed from about the middle to the acute apex, the margins very scabrous; panicles 

 finally exserted, 20-40 cm. long, about three fourths as wide, consisting of several to many 

 racemes, solitary or fascicled along a main axis, the racemes stiffly ascending, or somewhat 

 spreading, the middle 8-12 cm. or occasionally as much as 18 cm. long, usually spikelet-bearing 

 from base, the spikelets short-pediceled on short, appressed branchlets, thus appearing in some- 

 what scattered clusters; spikelets 6-7 mm. long, about 1.2 mm. wide, and, by the spreading 



