110 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 21 
19. Amaranthus venulosus S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 376. 
1882. 
Sarratia Berlandieri denticulata Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. Surv. 179. 1859. 
Amaranthus fimbriatus denticulatus Uline & Bray, Bot. Gaz. 19: 270. 1894. 
Stems erect, branched above the base, 5 dm. high or less, glabrous, whitish; leaves rather 
few, pale-green, glabrous, the petioles slender, 8-25 mm.long, the blades lanceolate to linear- 
oblong, 1.5-4 cm. long, rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base; flowers monoecious, in dense 
glomerules, the lowest of these axillary, the upper ones aggregated into a leafy or nearly naked 
spike-like panicle; bracts ovate, acute, half as long as the flowers or shorter; sepals 5, those 
of the pistillate flowers spatulate, 2 mm. long, united at the base, the blades spreading in age, 
rounded and often emarginate at the apex, usually crenulate; sepals of the staminate flowers 
oblong, acute; stamens 3; utricle oblong, shorter than the sepals; seed dark reddish-brown, 
nearly orbicular, 0.8 mm. in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Cruz, Sonora. 
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Arizona to Sinaloa. 
20. Amaranthus Pringlei S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 476. 1887. 
Stems stout, erect, 2-10 dm. high, much branched, angled, glabrous, often tinged with 
red; petioles stout, 3-25 mm. long; leaf-blades elliptic to oblong or linear-oblong, or the upper- 
most linear, 1.5-4.5 em. long, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, 
yellowish-green; flowers monoecious, in dense glomerules, part of these axillary but most of 
them aggregated into stout erect spike-like terminal panicles; bracts oblong or oblong-linear, 
acute, spine-tipped, rigid, equaling or exceeding the flowers; sepals 5, those of the staminate 
flowers oblong, acute, those of the pistillate flowers broadly spatulate, 1.5-2 mm. long, united 
at the base, emarginate or apiculate, thin, 1-nerved, often tinged with purple; stamens 3; 
utricle globose-obovoid, circumscissile near the middle; seed nearly orbicular, black and 
shining, about | mm. in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky hills near Chihuahua, Chihuahua. 
DIisTRIBvuTION: In fields and canyons, western Texas to Nevada, Sonora, and San Luis Potosi. 
21. Amaranthus caudatus L. Sp. Pl. 990. 1753. 
Amaranthus maximus Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. Amaranthus no. 5. 1768. 
Amaranthus caudatus Alopecurus Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13?: 256. 1849. 
Amaranthus caudatus maximus Moq. 1n DC, Prodr. 137: 256. 1849. 
Amaranthus paniculatus caudatus Regel, Flora 32: 166. 1849. 
Amaranthus paniculatus pendulinus Regel, Flora 32: 167. 1849. 
Amaranthus Alopecurus Hochst.; A. Br. & Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 1. 1872. 
Amaranthus leucocarpus S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 347. 1875. 
Amaranthus leucospermus S. Wats. Proc. Anr. Acad. 22: 446. 1887. 
Amaranthus caudatus leucospermus Thellung, in Asch. & Graebn, Syn. Mittel-Eur. Fl. 5: 234. 1914. 
Stems stout, erect, 3-20 dm. high, or in cultivation even larger, simple or sparsely branched, 
green or whitish, often tinged with red, glabrous, or sparsely villous about the inflorescence; 
petioles slender, 2.5~18 cm. long, glabrous or sparsely villous; leaf-blades lanceolate to ovate 
or rhombic-ovate, 6-20 cm. long, 1.5-8 cm. wide, acute or abruptly acute at the apex, acute 
at the base, pale- or bright-green, often tinged with red, thin, glabrous or nearly so, prominently 
veined; flowers monoecious, in a terminal panicle composed of numerous or few spikes, the 
lateral ones of these 3-25 cm. long and 8-20 mm. thick, spreading or drooping, the terminal 
spike usually several times as long as the lateral ones, drooping, dense clusters of very short 
spikes often present in the axils of the upper leaves; bracts lanceolate to ovate, twice as long 
as the sepals or less, at least exceeding the sepals, carinate, attenuate to a spinose subulate 
apex, often villous; sepals of the staminate flowers scarious, usually tinged with red, oblong 
to ovate, carinate, the midnerve excurrent as a pungent tip; sepals of the pistillate flowers 
1.5-2 mm. long, oblong, lance-oblong, or spatulate, acute to attenuate, usually red or purplish 
but sometimes green, equaling or shorter than the fruit; stamens 5; style-branches 3, elongate, 
rigid, erect; utricle subglobose, acutish at the apex, somewhat rugulose on the upper half, 
