Part 2, 1917] AMARANTHACEAE 113 
5-8 mm. long, rigid, spreading, green, with spinose tips, several times as long as the flowers, 
more or less villous; sepals 5, oblong, obtuse, l-nerved, the nerve long-excurrent; stamens 3; 
style-branches 3, elongate, much thickened at the base; utricle slightly exceeding or equaling 
the sepals, subglobose or oblong, thick-walled, circumscissile, somewhat rugulose; seed rotund, 
1.2 mm. in diameter, black, shining. 
TyPE LocaLity: New Mexico, probably near Santa Fe. 
DISTRIBUTION: Open hillsides, New Mexico. 
26. Amaranthus Wrightii S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 275. 
1877. 
Stems stout, erect, 2-10 dm. high, often simple, sometimes branched at the base or sparsely 
branched above, the branches strongly ascending, whitish or tinged with red, glabrous; leaves 
few, the petioles slender, 5-40 mm. long, the blades 1.2-6 cm. long, 0.4~3 cm. wide, lance- 
elliptic to rhombic-ovate, acutish to obtuse at the apex, sometimes emarginate, cuneate to 
acute or abruptly acute at the base, yellowish-green, slightly paler beneath, glabrous; flowers 
monoecious, in dense, stout, erect, terminal, simple or branched spikes 4~25 cm. long, these 
often leafy, interrupted below, dense clusters of flowers present also in the axils of the leaves, 
shorter than the petioles; bracts linear-lanceolate or subulate, longer than the sepals, often 
twice as long, rigid, greenish, pungent; sepals of the staminate flowers oblong, acute; sepals of 
the pistillate flowers 1.5-2 mm. long, oblong-linear, evidently narrowed at the base, rounded 
to truncate and usually emarginate or retuse at the apex, or the outermost one rarely pungent, 
thin, faintly I-nerved, the nerve usually not reaching the apex, sometimes ciliate, erect, united 
at the base, often tinged with red; stamens 3; style-branches 3, short; utricle globose, about 
equaling the sepals, smooth or nearly so, circumscissile at the middle; seed rotund, 1 mm. in 
diameter, dark reddish-brown, smooth and shining. 
Types LocaLity: Copper mines [Santa Rital, New Mexico. 
DISTRIBUTION: Arizona, western New Mexico, and southern Colorado. 
27. Amaranthus retroflexus L. Sp. Pl. 991. 1753. 
Amaranthus spicatus Lam. Fl. Fr. 2: 192. 1778. 
Amaranthus recurvaius Desf. Cat. Hort. Par. ed. 3.390. 1829. 
Amaranthus Delilei Richt. & Loret, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 13: 316. 1866. 
Galliaria scabra Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 1: 187. 1897. 
Galliaria retrofilexa Nieuwl. Am. Midl. Nat. 3: 278. 1914. 
Stems stout, green or whitish, 3-30 dm. high, erect or ascending, usually much branched 
but often simple, abundantly villous, at least above, often densely so about the inflorescence; 
leaves numerous, the petioles 1.5—8 cm. long, slender, usually villous, the blades 3-12 cm. long, 
1.5-7 cm. wide, ovate, rhombic-ovate, or the upper, and rarely the lower, lanceolate, plane 
or sometimes slightly crispate, acute to obtuse and often emarginate at the apex, acute or 
obtuse at the base, papillose on both surfaces, glabrate above, more or less villous or puberulent 
beneath, pale-green, prominently nerved, the veins white beneath; flowers monoecious, in 
dense, obtuse, terminal or axillary, usually paniculate, densely crowded, erect spikes 5-20 cm. 
long and 8-20 mm. thick, dense clusters often present also in the axils of the upper leaves; 
bracts ovate, tapering into a stout subulate green tip, usually twice as long as the sepals, at 
least in age, l-nerved, sparsely villous; sepals of the staminate flowers ovate-oblong to lance- 
olate, acute or acutish, scarious, 1-nerved, the nerve shortly excurrent; sepals of the pistillate 
flowers 3 mm. long, linear-oblong, rounded to truncate at the apex, usually emarginate, often 
mucronate, scarious and whitish except for the green midnerve, the bases thickened in age; 
stamens 5; style-branches 3, rather short; utricle subglobose, more or les rugulose on the upper 
half, circumscissile at the middle, shorter than the sepals; seed rotund, 1 mm. broad, dark 
reddish-brown, lustrous. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. 
DisTRIBuTION: A common weed in waste ground, from southern Canada, throughout the 
United States, to northern Mexico; naturalized in Europe, Asia, and Africa. 
