166 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumg 21 
long, broadly oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse, those of the pistillate flowers 3-nerved; lobes of 
the staminal cup nearly obsolete; utricle slightly shorter than the sepals; seed orbicular, 0.4 
mun. in diameter or smaller, dark reddish- brown, shining. 
TYPE Locality: Hacienda de la Laguna, Vera Cruz. 
DIstRIBUTION: Wet forests and ravines, Vera Cruz to Costa Rica. 
30. Iresine Celosia L. Syst. ed. 10.1291. 1759. 
Celosia paniculata L,. Sp. Pl. 206. 1753. 
Tvesine celosioides L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1456. 1763. 
Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 765. 1805. 
Iresine elongata Humb. & Bonpl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 765. 1805. 
Ivesine parvifolia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 198. 1818. 
Iresine havanensis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. a 2: 199. 1818. 
Iresine Mutisii H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 200. 1818. 
Iresine verticillata Spreng. Syst. 1: 821. 1825. 
Iresine polymorpha Mart. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 56. 1826. 
Iresine polymorpha alopecuroidea Mart. Nov. Gen. a ee: 2: 56. 1826. 
Iresine polymorpha effusa Mart, Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 56. 1826. 
Ivesine polymorpha verticillata Mart. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 56. 1826, 
Xerandra celosioides Raf. Fl. Tell. 3: 43. 1837. 
Iresine gracilis floribunda Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 10!: iad 1843, 
Iresine celosioides eriophylla Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 156. 1844 
Iresine Hookeri Mog. in DC. Prodr. 13?: 344. 1849. 
Iresine acuminata Mog. in DC. Prodr. 13?: 345. 1849. 
Celosia parviflora Vahl; Moa. in DC. Prodr. 13?: 346, as synonym. 1849. 
Iresine celosioides pubescens Mog. in DC. Prodr. 13?: 347. 1849. 
Iresine eriophylla Mog. in DC. Prodr. 137: 347. 1849. 
Iresine gossypiantha A. Rich. in Sagra, Hist. Cuba 11: 177. 1850. 
Iresine eriophora Peyr. Linnaea 30: 21. 1859. 
Alternanthera paniculata Bello, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 106. 1883. 
Iresine paniculata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 542. 1891. Not J. paniculata Poir. 1813. 
Achyranthes lanata Sessé & Moc. Fl. Mex. ed. 2.67. 1894. Not A.lanaiaL. 1753. 
Ivesine paniculata floridana Uline & Bray, Bot. Gaz. 21: 353. 1896. 
Annual, or the plants often persisting for several years, from a slender or stout vertical 
root; stems slender or stout, usually much branched, erect or ascending, sometimes clambering 
over other plants, 4-30 dm. long, glabrous or usually sparsely villous, especially at the nodes, 
with short multicellular hairs, often soft-pubescent, swollen at the nodes, the internodes 4-20 
em. long; leaves few or numerous, fascicles of smaller ones sometimes present in the axils, 
thin and bright-green or rarely thicker and yellowish-green; petioles slender, 0.8-6.5 cm. 
long; blades broadly ovate to rhombic-ovate or rarely deltoid-ovate or lanceolate, 3-14 cm. 
long, 1.5-7 cm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, sometimes rather abruptly ‘so, rounded 
or truncate to broadly cuneate at the base, slightly decurrent, glabrous or more or Jess villous 
with short multicellular hairs, often soft-pubescent on both surfaces; panicles usually broad 
and much branched, 1-4 dm. long or even larger, the branches ascending, divergent, or reflexed, 
more or less villous with whitish hairs, the spikelets alternate, opposite, or verticillate, sessile 
or pedunculate, usually densely flowered, 5-25 mm. long, often flexuous; flowers white to 
stramineous, the pistillate ones furnished with copious long white wool at the base; bracts from 
one third to two thirds as long as the sepals, ovate to ovate-orbicular, obtuse to acute, often 
pubescent, usually entire; sepals 1-1.5 mm. long, oblong, obtuse or rounded, those of the 
pistillate flowers conspicuously 3-nerved; lobes of the staminal cup obsolete; utricle shorter 
than the sepals; seed 0.5 mm. in diameter, broadly obovoid or suborbicular, dark-red, shining. 
TYPE LOcALIty: Jamaica. 
DistrRiBuTION: North Carolina to Florida, mostly near the coast; southern Louisiana; general 
in the West Indies; central and western Mexico, and southward through Central ‘America; also 
throughout the warmer parts of South America. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Sloane, Hist. Jam. p1. 90; Mart. Nov. Gen. & Sp. pl. 153, 154. 
31. Iresine heterophylla Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 95. 
1916. 
Ivesine celosioides obtusifolia Coult. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 364. 1894, 
Iresine paniculata obtustfolia Coult.; Uline & Bray, Bot. Gaz. 21: 354. 1896. 
Perennial from long slender branching woody rootstocks; stems herbaceous, stout,-erect 
or ascending, solitary or several from a single base, simple up to the inflorescence, 5-10 dm. 
high, swollen at the nodes, often sulcate, short-villous at the nodes and sparsely pubescent 
