356 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA | Volume 22 
thium almost flat. Bractlets, sepals, and petals normally 5, Petals yellow, oblong-cuneate, 
truncate or rarely slightly emarginate; sepals ovate, acuminate, about equaling the petals; 
bractlets large, 3-5-toothed, generally exceeding both petals and sepals. Stamens 20-25, 
rather short, closely surrounding the receptacle; anthers opening by a longitudinal slit. 
Receptacle hemispheric, bearing numerous pistils, in fruit becoming fleshy and red, but 
insipid in taste. Styles filiform, attached to the middle of the ovaries, scarcely deciduous. 
Seeds ascending and amphitropous. 
Type species, Fragaria indica Andr. 
1. Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke, in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 3°: 33, 1888. "=42 
Fragaria indica Andr, Bot. Rep. pi. 479. 1807. 
Duchesnea fragiformis J. E.. Smith, in Rees, Cycl. 15: under Fragaria. 1810. __ 
Duchesnea fragarioides (DC. Prodr. 2: 571, as synonym. 1825) G. Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 549. 1832. 
Potenttila Durandii T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1; 444, 1840. 
Stems coarsely strigose; leaves not very thick, glabrate above, silky-strigose beneath ; 
leaflets 2-4 cm. long, rhombic-obovate, coarsely crenate, generally more or less petioled ; 
flowers 1.5-2 cm. in diameter; fruit about 1 cm. in diameter; achenes superficial. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Northeastern part of Bengal, India. . 
_ _ DISTRIBUTION: Native of Asia and naturalized in most tropical and warmer temperate regions ; 
in North America naturalized from New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Missouri and southward ; also 
in California, Bermuda, and Jamaica. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Rep. ~/. 479; Bot. Reg. 1: pl. 61; Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 3: pl. 989; 
Schrank, Hort. Monac. #/. 50; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1922. 
24. FRAGARIA L,. Sp. Pl. 494. 1753. 
Dactylophyllum Spenn. Fl. Frib. 1084, in part. 1829. 
Perennial acaulescent herbs, with scaly rootstock, and producing runners which root 
and form new plants. eaves (in all ours) ternate, basal. Hypanthium almost flat. Bract- 
lets, sepals, and petals normally 5. Petals white, or in one species reddish, broadly obovate, 
elliptic, or almost orbicular, obtuse, never emarginate. Stamens about 20, in three series 
as in Potentilla, sometimes abortive, closely surrounding the base of the receptacle; fila- 
ments short; anthers dehiscent by a longitudinal slit. Receptacle hemispheric or conic, 
bearing very numerous pistils, in fruit becoming enlarged, very juicy, and delicious in taste. 
Styles filiform but rather short, attached near the middle of the ovaries, scarcely deciduous. 
Seeds ascending and amphitropous. 
Type species, Fragaria vesca L. 
Leaves thick and coriaceous, silky and tomentulose beneath and strongly 
reticulate. 1. FE. chiloensis. 
Leaves generally thin, rarely tomentulose beneath, if thick not strongly 
reticulate, 
Pubescence of scape and petioles divaricate, z. ¢., generally spreading at 
tight angles or somewhat reflexed (scanty and less spreading in 
no. 9). 
Leaves densely silky beneath ; fruit slightly pitted. 
Flowers over 2 cm. in diameter. 2. £. crinita. 
Flowers 1-1.5 cm. in diameter. 
Leaflets broadly rounded or rhombic-ovate. 
Leaflets oblong-obovate or cuneate. 
Leaves slightly silky beneath, in age glabrate. 
Leaflets subsessile ; achenes superficial, except perhaps in F. 
australis. 
Flowers pinkish, nodding from the beginning. 5. #. Hellert, 
Flowers white, erect or spreading, nodding only in fruit. 
Calyx in fruit spreading or ascending ; scape generally with 
long divaricate hairs and a leafly bract. 
Flowers 1.5-2 cm. in diameter; fruit inclined to be ovoid 
or subconic in fruit; leaflets rhombic-obovate. 6. F. bracteata. 
‘Flowers less than 1.5 cm. in diameter ; fruit hemispheric; 
leaflets obovate, rounded at the apex. 
Calyx and hypanthium densely strigose; sepals in 
flower 3 mm. long. 7. F, insularis, 
Calyx sparingly hairy; sepals in flower about 5 mm. 
on 
. californica, 
. mexicana, 
ae 
hy 
. 15. F. austrahs. 
Calyx in fruit reflexed ; leaflets rhombic-obovate, acute. 
