28 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 3 
an echinulate appearance to the stroma; asci cylindric, 8-spored ; spores linear, septate, at 
length. separating at the septa into short segments. 
Type species, Hypocrea tuberiformis Berk. & Rav. 
1. Echinodothis tuberiformis (Berk. & Rav.) Atk. Bull. Torrey 
Club 21: 224, 1894. 
Hypocrea tuberiformis Berk. & Rav.; Berk. Grevillea 4: 13. 1875. 
Hypocrella tuberiformis Atk. Bot. Gaz. 16: 284, 1891. 
Stromata subglobose, 1 cm. or more in diameter, entire, lobed, or divided, seated upon 
the reed or upon the leaf-sheath and fastened by a whitish mycelium consisting of radiating 
threads which are sometimes tinged yellowish-brown ; substance leathery or corky, consist- 
ing of three layers, an inner layer white to pinkish, an intermediate layer light-ochraceous 
and an outer layer cinnamon; stroma externally dark-brownish becoming black; conidio- 
phores needle-shaped ; conidia ovoid to fusoid, 3-4 X 7-10; perithecia entirely superficial in 
small clusters or evenly distributed over the exposed surface of the stroma, subconic in 
form, giving the whole stroma a spiny appearance, clothed except the apex with a dense 
covering of minute threads which are at first whitish becoming cinnamon-colored, the naked 
apex becoming black, about 0.31 mm.; asci cylindric, with a swelling at the apex, very 
large, 475-750 & 14-20; spores nearly as long as the ascus, hyaline or slightly yellowish, 
many-septate, the joints 15 & 4-5u. 
On stems of Arundinaria. 
TYPE LocALIty: South Carolina. 
DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina to Alabama. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Gaz. 16: p12. 25; Mycologial: fl. 13, f. 15. 
EXsIccaTI: Rav. Fungi Am. 733. 
20. THYRONECTRIA Sacc. Grevillea 4: 21. 1875. 
Pleonectria Sacc. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 8: 178, 1876. 
Stromata erumpent-superficial or subimmersed, with the perithecia in dense, cespitose 
clusters; individual perithecia subglobose, smooth or rough, often clothed with a yel- 
lowish-green, furfuraceous coat which sometimes disappears with age, leaving the perithecia 
dark-colored, red to brownish, collapsing or entire; asci 8-spored, cylindric to clavate ; 
spores hyaline, when mature many-septate and muriform, often accompanied by minute 
spore-like bodies which are much smaller in size. 
Type species, Thyronectria patavina Sacc. 
Spores ellipsoid, 2 times as long as broad. 
Perithecia subimmersed, greenish. 
Perithecia erumpent-superficial, not green. 
Perithecia dark-brownish ; spores small, 10-15 x 7-9 B. 
Perithecia reddish ; spores large, 16-30 # long. 
1. 7. pyrrhochlora, 
2 
Spores 20-30 x 10-12 # ; on bark of Hicoria. 3. T. missouriensis. 
4 : 
5 
. T. denigrata. 
Spores 16-20 x 7-8 #; on Rides. . LT. berolinensts, 
Spores subellipsoid, accompanied by minute spore-like bodies. . LT. shhaerospora. 
1. Thyronectria pyrrhochlora (Auersw.) Sacc. 
Michelia 1: 325. 1878. 
Nectria pyrrhochlora Auersw.; Rab. Fungi Eur. 1234. 1869.—Hedwigia 8: 88. 1869. 
Valsa Xanthoxyli Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 3]: 49. 1879. 
Pseudovalsa Xanthoxylt Sacc. Syll. Fung. 2: 137. 1883. 
Fenestella Xanthoxylt Sacc. Syll. Fung. 2: 332. 1883. 
Pleonectria pyrrhochlora Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 12: 108. 1884. 
Thyronectria virens Hark.; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Pyrenom. 92. 1892. 
Thryonectria Xanthoxyli Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Pyrenom. 92. 1892. 
? Thyronectria sambucina Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 458. 1897. 
Perithecia cespitose in rounded or elongate clusters, seated on the inner bark, finally 
bursting through the epidermis, becoming more or less superficial, often so densely ces- 
pitose that the perithecia appear to be united, at first covered with a thin olive-green 
tomentum or powdery material, with the ostiolum protruding and bare, the entire peri- 
thecium becoming more or less bare with age, about 300 # in diameter; asci clavate, 100- 
