54 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 3 
On species of Elaphomyces. 
TYPE LOCALITY : Europe. 
DISTRIBUTION : Ontario to Rhode Island and Virginia; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Willd. Fl. Berol. pJ. 7, JF. 17 ; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 440, f. 2. 
DOUBTFUL SPECIES 
Cordyceps albella Massee, Ann. Bot. 9: 39. 1895. The species was based on imper- 
fectly developed material. 
Cordyceps albida Berk. & Curt.; Cooke, Grevillea 12: 78. 1884. On crickets in Cuba. 
Mr. Cooke states: ‘'Too imperfectly developed for description.’’ 
Cordyceps caloceroides Berk. & Curt.; Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 375. 1868. 
Cordyceps Cicadae (Miq.) Massee, Ann. Bot. 9: 38. 1895. Jsaria Cicadae Mig. Bull. 
Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl. 1838: 85. 1838. Torrubia Miguelit Tul. Fung. Carp. 3: 11. 
1865. Cordyceps Miquelit Sacc. Michelia 1: 320. 1878. This species, which occurs on 
the larvae of Cicada, has been reported as occurring in the United States. 
Cordyceps gigantea (Mont.) Massee, Ann. Bot. 9: 38. 1895. Jsaria gigantea Mont. 
Pl. Cell. Cuba 309. 1842. Cordyceps Montagnei Berk. & Curt.; Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 
10: 375. 1868. Only the conidial phase of this species is known, the /saria having been 
originally reported from Cuba. 
Cordyceps myrmecophila Ces.; Klotzsch, Herb. Viv. Myc. 1033. 1846. The species 
is said to occur in North America. 
Cordyceps sobolifera (Hill) Sacc. Michelia 1: 321. 1878. Clavaria sobolifera Hill; W. 
Wats. Phil. Trans. 53: 271. 1764. Yorrubia sobolifera Tul. Fung. Carp. 3: 10. 1865. 
Sphaeria sobolifera Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 2: 207. 1843. On larvae of Cicada. The 
species has been reported from the West Indies. 
17. SPERMOEDIA Fries, Syst. Myc. 2: 268. 1822. 
Sphacelia Lév. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 5: 578. 1827. 
Kentrosporium Wallr. Beitr. Bot. 163. 1844. 
Claviceps I. Tul. Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 33: 646. 1851. 
Sclerotia formed in the inflorescence of various grasses and sedges, at first consisting 
of a soft mass of mycelium which produces conidia accompanied with a saccharine fluid, 
at maturity hard, subcylindric or horn-shaped, purplish-black externally, white within; 
stromata developing from the sclerotium after a period of rest, consisting of a sterile stem 
and fertile head ; head subglobose, grayish or reddish-brown, the margin often partially: 
free; perithecia flask-shaped, immersed in the stroma or with the necks slightly protrud- 
ing; asci cylindric, usually capitate, 8-spored; spores filiform, nearly as long as the 
ascus, simple, hyaline. 
Type species, Sclerotium Clavus DC. 
Sclerotia formed in the inflorescence of grasses. 
Sclerotia purplish-black. 
Sclerotia large, 1-2 cm. long. 1. S. Clavus. 
Sclerotia small, not more than 5 mm. long. 2. S. microcephala. 
Sclerotia cinereous. 3. S. cinerea, 
Sclerotia formed in the inflorescence of sedges. 4. S. nigricans. 
1. Spermoedia Clavus (DC.) Fries, Syst. Myc. 2: 268. 1822. 
Sclerotium Clavus DC. Fl. Fr.6: 115, 1815. 
Sphacria purpurea Fries, Syst. Myc. 2: 325, 1823. 
Sphacelia Segetum Lév. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 5: 578. 1827. 
Ciaviceps purpurea I. Tul. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 20: 45. 1853. 
Sclerotia forming in the young ovaries of various species of grasses, at first soft and 
viscid, at maturity hard, purplish-black externally, whitish within, 1-2 cm. long; stromata 
often as many as 20-30 from a single sclerotium; stem very slender, flexuous or spirally 
twisted and of a dark-brownish color; head subglobose with the margin partially free, 
about 1-2 mm. in diameter, reddish-brown in color and roughened by the slightly protrud- 
ing necks of the perithecia; perithecia entirely immersed or very slightly protruding, 
flask-shaped, 150-175 X 200-250; asci very long, cylindric, 100-125 & 44. 
In the inflorescence of rye, and of other wild and cultivated grasses. 
TYPE LOCALITY: France. 
