72 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VolomE 3 
On dung of horses, cows, sheep, rabbits, and dogs: al i 
oS peaats hare. PD, ; gs; also on old pasteboard and Chinese mats. 
DISTRIBUTION : Vermont to South Dakota and New Mexico: also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS : Hedwigial: p/. 15, 7.4; Mem. Torrey Club 11: p1.5, f. 4-6. 
5. Pleurage tetraspora (Wint.) D. Griff. Mem. Torrey 
Club 11: 62. 1901. 
Sordaria tetraspora Wint. Hedwigia 9: 161. 1871. 
Perithecia superficial, pyriform to conic, scattered, thin, membranaceous, colorless to 
fuscous and so transparent that the spore-bearing area which occupies rather less than half 
the length of the perithecium can be readily distinguished by transmitted light, covered 
with short, septate, agglutinate hairs which are more prominent around the smooth, black, 
naked, erect or curved beak, 140-180 & 360-510 4; asci 4-spored, cylindric, rounded above 
and contracted below into a stipe one-half the length of the spore-bearing portion, 15-18 
100-110; paraphyses ventricose, longer than the asci, but not much mixed with them; 
spores 1-seriate, ellipsoid, broadly but acutely rounded, olivaceous to black and opaque 
when mature, 13-14 16-22 4; primary appendage short, straight or slightly curved and 
very fugacious; both primary appendage and apex of spore tipped with long, lash-like, 
gelatinous, secondary appendages which are made up of 2 or more filaments closely 
united. 
Type on dung of mice; American specimens on culms of Foa and dung of horses. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. 
DISTRIBUTION : Montana to Wyoming ; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 26: p1, 365, f. 10-12. 
6. Pleurage minuta (Fuckel) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 3°: 505. 1898. 
Sordaria minuta Fuckel, Jahrb. Nass. Ver. Nat. 27-28: 44. 1873. 
Podospora minuta Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 12: 174, 1884. 
Perithecia superficial or with base slightly sunken in the substratum, scattered, 225- 
300 % 375-525 #, thin, membranaceous, transparent, covered with bunches of septate, 
agglutinate hairs which stand erect when young, but become recurved with age, pyriform to 
conic, colorless to fuscous, the beak short, papilliform, black, with the ostiolum plainly visi- 
ble; asci 8-spored, cylindric, evanescent, rounded above and contracted below into a short stipe, 
16-19 < 130-160 2; paraphyses ventricose, slightly longer than the asci and not much mixed 
with them; spores l-seriate, ellipsoid, broadly but acutely rounded, ranging from hyaline 
when young through olivaceous to dark-brown and opaque, 13-14. 15-204; primary ap- 
pendage cylindric, straight or curved, fugacious and shorter than the spore, both this and 
the apex of the spore tipped with a long, lash-like, gelatinous filament which on close 
exatnination is seen to be made up of 2 united smaller ones. 
Type on cow dung; American specimens on dung of horses, cows, goats, sheep, rabbits, 
and burros. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. 
DISTRIBUTION : Rhode Island to South Dakota, Arizona, and Alabama; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Torrey Club 11: p/. 7, f. 7-10. 
7. Pleurage conica (Fuckel) Griffiths & Seaver. 
Sordaria curvula DeBary, Morph. Phys. Pilze 209, hyponym. 1866. 
Cercophora conica Fuckel, Symb. Myc. 245. 1869. 
Podospora curvuia Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 12: 174. 1884. 
Pleurage curvula Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 3%: 505. 1898. 
Perithecia scattered, with base slightly sunken, or erumpent in clusters between the 
fibers of the substratum, about 375 X 600, thin, membranaceous, transparent, hyaline to 
fuscous, all of the exposed portion more or less covered with bunches of agglutinate, 
obliquely septate, constricted hairs which are more or less prominent around the beak, but 
diminish in size and prominence downward until they become simple papillae, pyriform- 
conic with short, black, papilliform beak containing a prominent ostiolum ; asci 8-spored, 
clavate, contracted above, and tapering below into a moderately long, slender stipe, 22-28 
150-180 #, evanescent: paraphyses ventricose, agglutinate, Jonger than the asci and not 
much mixed with them; spores 2-seriate, ellipsoid to slightly ovoid, ranging from hyaline 
when young through olivaceous to dark-brown and opaque, 13-16 x 21-25; primary ap- 
