80 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 3 
tapering upwards, septate, longer than the asci; spores in many series, ellipsoid or slightly 
ovoid, 10-11 K 13.5-l64, ranging from hyaline when young through olivaceous to dark- 
brown and opaque, terminated below by a short, primary appendage, this in turn, as well 
as the apex of the spore, tipped with a long, lash-like, gelatinous, hyaline, very fugacious, 
secondary appendage. 
On dung of horses, cows, and rabbits. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. 
DISTRIBUTION : New York to Montana and Alabama; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Torrey Club 26: pi. 365, f. 17-15; Mem. Torrey Club 11: Al. 10, f. 1-6. 
29. Pleurage collapsa D. Griff. Mem. Torrey Club 11: 89. 1901. 
Philocopra collapsa Sacc. Syll. Fung. 17: 607. 1905. 
Perithecia scattered or aggregate, one-half to two-thirds immersed, 400-450 x 500- 
600 4, thin, membranaceous, at first greenish below but soon becoming brown, pyriform to 
subglobose with papilliform to short, cylindric, black beak, the base of which, like the 
upper, exposed portion of the perithecium, is uniformly covered with long, flexuous, septate, 
brown hairs ; asci 64-spored, fusiform, contracted and sharply rounded above and contracted 
below into a short, blunt stipe, very evanescent, about 65 2104; paraphyses ventricose, 
agglutinate, largest near the middle, longer than the asci, but not much mixed with them ; 
spores in several series, ellipsoid and broadly rounded at the ends, 10-14 x 18-214, 
ranging from hyaline when young through olivaceous to dark-brown and opaque ; primary 
appendage very long and slightly clavate when young, but at maturity becoming very 
much shriveled and indistinguishable from the short, blunt, secondary appendages which 
terminate it as well as the apex of the spore. 
On rabbit dung. 
TYPE LOCALITY: New York City. 
DISTRIBUTION : New York to Alabama. 
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 11: p12. 10, f. 14-18. 
30. Pleurage pleiospora (Wint.) Kuntze, Rev. 
Gen. 3°: 504. 1898. 
Sordaria pleiospora Wint. Hedwigia 10: 161. 1871. 
Philocopra pleiospora Sacc. Syll. Fung. 1: 249. 1882. 
Podospora pleiospora Wint. in Rab. Krypt. Fl. 12: 175. 1884. 
Perithecia scattered and sunken but becoming more or less free with age, 375-525 
x 550-750 #, thin, membranaceous, greenish below, often somewhat transparent, pyriform 
with papilliform to somewhat elongate cylindric, black, bare, usually curved beak, the 
whole lower portion of the perithecinm and often the surface of the substratum covered 
with a considerable growth of mycelium in the form of rhizoids; asci 64-spored, clavate to 
fusiform, contracted and narrowly rounded above and contracted below into a short, narrow, 
stipitate base, evanescent, 60-110 X 250-300 #; paraphyses 'ventricose below, tubular, sep- 
tate above, longer than the asci; spores in several series, ellipsoid, rounded at both ends 
but usually more broadly so below, 18-22 X 32-37», ranging from hyaline when young 
through olivaceous to dark-brown and opaque; primary appendage cylindric, equal to or 
longer than the spore, the base surrounded with 2 to 4 hyaline, gelatinous, secondary ap- 
pendages of various form and size, the apex of the spore being crowned by a tuft of very 
fine filaments closely united into a short, blunt, straight or curved appendage. 
On dung of horses and cows. 
TyPE LOCALITY : Europe. 
DISTRIBUTION : New York to Mississippi and Alabama; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 11: 1. 10, f. 7-10. 
31. Pleurage adelura D. Griff. Mem. Torrey Club 11: 91. 1901. 
Philocopra adelura Sacc. Syl. Fung. 17: 607. 1905. 
Perithecia sunken, scattered, about 450 X 7504, thin, membranaceous, brown and 
opaque, pyriform, with a smooth, black, papilliform to cylindric, projecting beak; asci 64- 
spored, fusiform-clavate, contracted and narrowly rounded above and tapering below into a 
stout stipe, about 753704; paraphyses ventricose, agglutinate, irregular, longer than 
