Family 2. MONOTROPACEAE 
By Joun KUNKEL SMALL 
Saprophytic or root-parasitic herbs destitute of green coloring matter, 
usually brown, purple, yellow, red, or pink, or white, mostly succulent. Stems 
solitary or clustered from matted roots, often scape-like, typically simple. 
Leaves reduced to short scales or rarely elongate. Flowers perfect, or nearly 
so, erect or nodding. Calyx of 2-6 distinct, often deciduous sepals. Corolla 
white or colored, of 3-6 distinct or partly united petals, or wanting in Allo- 
tropa. Androecium of 6-12 hypogynous stamens, or sometimes borne on a 
small glandular disk. Filaments slender or partly dilated, unappendaged. 
Anthers 2-celled or with confluent sacs, opening by valves or pores, sometimes 
appendaged. Pollen-grains simple. Gynoecium superior, mostly of 4-6 
united carpels, short. Ovary mostly 4-6-celled, or 1-celled, usually ovoid, 
globular, or depressed, sometimes ribbed or lobed, sessile. Styles united, 
usually columnar, often stout. Stigma discoid or funnelform, or somewhat 
capitate, often slightly lobed. Ovules numerous. Fruit a 4—6-celled capsule, 
or sometimes 1-celled, often somewhat fleshy, commonly surrounded by the 
marcescent perianth, loculicidal. Seeds numerous, minute. 
Ovary; and capsule, 4~-6-celled, with a central column. 
Corolla wanting; anthers extrorse in bud, introrse in anthesis. 1, ALLOTROPA. 
Corolla present; anthers not reversed. 
Petals distinct. 
Flower solitary; anthers opening by 2 equal chinks. 2. MoNOTROPA. 
Flowers several; anthers opening by a continuous line into 2 very 
unequal valves. 3. Hyporitys. 
Petals partly united. 
Anther-sacs appendaged; corolla of an urceolate type. 4, PTEROSPORA. 
Anther-sacs unappendaged; corolla of a campanulate type. 
Flower without a disk; anthers narrowly oblong or oblong- 
lanceolate. 
Flower with a lobed disk; anthers globular or didymous. 
Ovary, and capsule, 1-celled, without a central column. 
Petals distinct. 
Sepals and petals entire; anthers as wide as long. 7. Prrvopus. 
Sepals and petals laciniate-fimbriate; anthers elongate. . PLEURICOSPORA,. 
Petals partly united. . NEWBERRYA,. 
1. ALLOTROPA T. & G.; A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 368. 1868. 
Whitish or red-tinged herbs with glabrous foliage. Stem simple. Leaves scale-like, 
elongate, rather numerous, usually crowded on the lower part of the stem. Flowers numerous, 
borne in an elongate, spike-like, erect raceme. Sepals 5, broad, distinct. Corolla wanting. 
Stamens 10, somewhat exserted; filaments slender; anthers short, lobed, unappendaged, 
extrorse in the bud, introrse in anthesis, the sacs opening to near the middle by a chink. 
Ovary short, often globose; style short and stout, slightly elongate in age; stigma peltate- 
capitate. Capsule depressed, seated in the calyx. Seeds very numerous, linear. 
Type species, Allotropa virgata T. & G. 
. SARCODES. 
. MoNnorTRopsis. 
Aun 
Noles) 
1. Allotropa virgata T. & G.; A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 368. 1868. 
Stem stoutish, 1-5 dm. tall, glabrous, often decidedly thickened at the base; leaves thick, 
the blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate at the base of the stem to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate 
VoLuME 29, Part 1, 1914] 11 
