12 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 29 
above, mostly 1~2.5 cm. long; raceme fully one half the length of the stem or less, the bracts 
similar to the upper leaves but narrower: flowers crowded together, or sometimes separated, 
particularly in age; sepals whitish, orbicular-ovate to rhombic-ovate, 4~6 cm. long, erose; 
filaments slender, glabrous; anthers about 2 mm. in diameter; capsules spheroidal, 4-5 mm. 
broad. 
TYPE LocaLiry: Cascade Mountains, Washington. 
DISTRIBUTION: British Columbia to California. 
2. MONOTROPA L.. Sp. Pl. 387. 1753. 
White, pale-pink, or red wax-like herbs with glabrous foliage. Stem simple. Leaves 
scale-like, approximate or crowded on the lower part of the stem, remote and larger above. 
Flower solitary, nodding in anthesis, becoming erect. Sepals 2-4, not dilated upward, glabrous 
or nearly so. Petals 5 or 6, dilated upward, ciliate, somewhat saccate at the base. Stamens 
10 or 12, included; filaments slender, pubescent; anthers short, transverse, the sacs opening 
by 2 equal chinks. Ovary 5-6-celled, shallowly grooved, slightly elongate: style short and 
thick; stigma disk-like. Capsule of an ovoid or spheroidal type. 
Type species, Monotropa uniflora L,. 
Petals pubescent within, ciliate; filaments pubescent; capsule ovoid or oblong- 
ovoid. 1. M. uniflora. 
Petals glabrous; filaments glabrous; capsule spheroidal. 2. M. coccinea. 
1. Monotropa uniflora L. Sp. Pl. 387. 1753. 
Monotropa Morrisoniana Michx. Fl. Bor. Am, 1: 266. 1803. 
Monotropa Morrisoni Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 469. 1805. 
Plants 0.5-3 dm..tall, white or pink, or rarely deep-red, becoming black in age or in drying, 
the stems often clustered; leaves erect, the blades suborbicular or ovate on the lower part of 
the stem to oblong or lanceolate, mostly 1 cm. long or less, the upper ones relatively longer 
than the lower; flower campanulate; sepals spatulate, oblong-spatulate, or oblong, mostly 
15-18 mm. long, erose near the apex or erose-toothed, glabrous; petals spatulate, or dilated 
above the middle, longer than the sepals, pubescent within, ciliate below the middle; ovary 
ovoid, fluted; style much shorter than the ovary; filaments pubescent; capsule ovoid to 
oblong-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Maryland. 
DistriBution: Newfoundland to Washington, Florida, and California. 
Iniustrations: Lam. Tab. Encyc. pl. 362; Hook. Exot. Fl. pl. 85; W. Barton, Fl. N. Am. #l. 
86, f. 1; Torr. Fl. N. Y. ol. 71; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 2739; ed. 2. f. 3210; Meehan’s Mo, 12: 
pl. 9; Mathews, Field Book 327. 
2. Monotropa coccinea Zucc. Flora 15?: Beibl. 100. 1832. 
Monotropa coccinea mexicana Lange, Vidensk. Meddel. 1867: 119. 1868. 
Monotropa coccinea niceraguensis Lange, Vidensk. Meddel. 1867: 119. 1868. 
Plants mostly 1~2 dm. tall, red, becoming black in age or in drying, the stems usually 
clustered; leaves lax or spreading, the blades ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate on the lower part 
of the stem, lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate to linear above, mostly 0.5—1 cm. long, the upper 
ones much longer than the lower; flower urceolate or campanulate; sepals oblong to linear- 
oblong, mostly 12-14 mm. long, erose above the middle; petals obovate to spatulate, about as 
long as the sepals, glabrous and eciliate; ovary globose or spheroidal; style much shorter than 
the ovary; filaments glabrous; capsule spheroidal. 
TYPE Locality: Mexico. . . . 
DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Central America, and Colombia; reported from Jamaica. 
IhLUSTRATION: Vidensk. Meddel. 1867: pl. 2. 
3. HYPOPITYS Hill, Brit. Herb. 221. 1756. 
Yellow, tawny, pink, or red, or rarely white herbs, with more or less pubescent foliage. 
Stem simple. Leaves scale-like, approximate or crowded near the base of the stem, the upper 
ones separated, and usually larger than the lower. Flowers in a terminal raceme which is 
usually nodding before or in anthesis. Sepals 5, at least in the early flowers, 3 or 4 in the 
