102 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 29 
42. ARCTOUS (A. Gray) Niedzu. Bot. Jahrb. 11: 144. 1889, 
Arctostaphylos § Arctous A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. 2!: 27. 1878. 
Shrubs with depressed or prostrate branches. Leaves alternate, mostly clustered near 
the ends of the branches, deciduous; blades broadened upward, veiny, toothed, sometimes 
obscurely so, narrowed into long petioles. Flowers few together in clusters from terminal scaly 
buds, appearing before or with the leaves, not drooping. Calyx persistent; lobes 4 or 5, broad, 
as long as the tube or somewhat longer than the tube. Corolla white, pink, or yellowish, 
urceolate; lobes 4 or 5, very small, recurved or spreading from the constricted mouth. Stamens 
8 or 10, included; filaments relatively long, dilated at the base; anthers short, each sac with a 
very slender dorsal awn. Ovary 4- or 5-celled, depressed; style columnar; stigma minute. 
Drupe somewhat nodding, globular, seated on the calyx, colored. 
Type species, Arbutus alpina L. 
Corolla-lobes copiously ciliate; drupe black or purple-black. 1, A. alpine. 
Corolla-lobes entire or obscurely erose; drupe red. 2. A. erythrocarpa. 
1. Arctous alpina (L.) Niedzu. Bot. Jahrb. 11: 141. 1890. 
Arbutus alpina L. Sp. Pl. 395. 1753. 
Mairania alpina Desv. Jour. Bot. Desv. II. 1: 37. 1813. 
Arctostaphylos alpina Spreng. Syst. 2: 287. 1825. 
Plants with depressed, tufted, or matted branches, the twigs glabrous or nearly so; leaf- 
blades spatulate to obovate-spatulate, 1-3 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, finely serrate, reticu- 
late-rugose, often ciliate, especially on the more or less elongate petiole; calyx 3-3.5 mm. 
wide, the lobes deltoid, acute; corolla white, broadly urceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. long, the lobes 
long-ciliate; drupes black or purple-black, 6-10 mm. in diameter. 
Tyek Locatity: Lapland. . 
DISTRIBUTION: Gicaland Cae Lepredor to Newfoundland and Quebec, and on the high moun- 
tai f New England; also in Europe and Asia. . 
a ee FI. Dan. #1. 73; Lightf. Fl. Scot. 1: pl. 11; Sv. Bot. pl. 487; Engl. Bot. 29: 
pl. 2030; Sturm, Fl. Deuts. 13: pl. 51; Britt. & Brown, Ul. Fl. f. 2777; ed. 2. f. 3250. 
2. Arctous erythrocarpa Small, sp. nov. 
? Arctostaphylos rubra Fernald, Rhodora 16: 32. 1914. 
Plants similar to A. alpina in habit, but with usually larger, relatively broader and 
brighter-green leaf-blades; calyx about 3 mm. wide, the lobes deltoid, acute; corolla white or 
pink, becoming yellowish, narrow-urceolate, 5.5-6.5 mm. long, the lobes entire or obscurely 
erose; drupes bright-red, 9-13 mm. in diameter. 
Type collected on Sulphur mountain, near Banff, Alberta, Canada, W.C. McCalla 2158 (herb. 
N. Y. Bot. Gard.). aes ; 
olathe Ste Manitoba to Alaska and British Columbia. 
