510 NORTH AMERICAN FLSRA [Volume 7 
22-28 by 28-45 », rounded at both ends, not constricted at septum; wall chestnut-brown, 
1,5-2.5 » thick, closely and minutely verrucose with markings often arranged in longitudinal 
lines, or nearly smooth, very slightly or not thickened at apex, the pores of either cell usually 
depressed one third; pedicel colorless, fragile, usually very short, rarely equaling the spore. 
On CaRDUACEAE: 
Cirsium acaulescens (A, Gray) K. Schumann (C. americanum K. Schumann, Carduus 
acaulescens Rydb., C. Drummondii acaulescens Coville, Cnicus Drummondii acaulescens 
_ A. Gray), California , Colorado, Oregon, Utah. 
Cirsium allissimum (L,.) Spreng. (Carduus altissimus L., Cnicus altissimus Willd.), Delaware, 
_ dowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, South Dakota. 
Cirsium arizonicum (A. Gray) Petrak (Carduus arizonicus Greene, Cnicus arizonicus A. 
. Gray), Arizona, New Mexico. 
Cirsium Breweri (A, Gray) Jepson (Cnicus Breweri A. Gray), California, Washington. 
Cirsium californicum A. Gray (Carduus californicus Greene), California. 
Cirsium canescens Nutt., Colorado. 
Cirsium Centaureae (Rydb.) K. Schumann (Carduus Centaureae Rydb., C. americanus 
Greene), Colorado. : 
Cirsium coloradense (Rydb.) Cockerell (Carduus coloradensis Rydb.), New Mexico. 
Cirsium discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. (Carduus discolor Nutt., Cnicus discolor Muhl.), Iowa, 
New Jersey, Oklahoma. 
Cirsium Drummondii T. & G. (Carduus Drummondii Coville, Cnicus Drummondii A. 
Gray), Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming. 
Cirsium Eatoni (A. Gray) B. L. Robinson (Carduus leiocephalus A. Heller), Utah. 
Cirsium edule Nutt. (Carduus edulis Greene, Cnicus edulis A. Gray), California, Oregon, 
Washington. 
Cirsium Flodmannii (Rydb.) Arth. (Carduus Flodmannii Rydb.), North Dakota. 
Cirsium foliosum (Hook.) DC., Idaho. 
Cirsium griseum (Rydb.) K. Schumann, Colorado. 
Cirsium Hookerianum Nutt. (Carduus Hookerianus A. Heller), Montana. 
Cirsium inornatum Wooton & Standley, New Mexico. 
Cirsium lanceolatum (1,.) Hill (Carduus lanceolatus L., Cnicus lanceolatus Willd.), Louisiana, 
Montana, Wisconsin. 
Cirsium lomatolepis (Hemsl.) Petrak (Cnicus lomatolepis Hemsl.), Mexico (state). 
Cirsium megacephalum (A. Gray) Cockerell (Carduus undulatus megacephalus Greene, 
Cnicus undulatus megacephalus A. Gray), Colorado, Nebraska, Oklahoma. 
Cirsium Nelsonti (Pammel) Rydb. (Cnicus Nelsonit Pammel, Carduus Nelsonii Pammel), 
Wyoming. 
Cirsium neomexicanum A. Gray (Carduus neomexicanus Greene), Colorado. 
Cirsium ochrocentrum A. Gray (Carduus ochrocentrus Greene, Cnicus ochrocentrus A, Gray), 
Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming. 
Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jepson (Carduus occidentalis Nutt., Cnicus occidentalis A. 
Gray), California. 
Cirsium oreophilum Rydb. (Carduus oreophilus Rydb.), Colorado. 
Cirsium pelousense Piper, Idaho. 
Cirsium pallidum Wooton & Standley, New Mexico. 
Cirsium Parryi (A. Gray) Petrak (Cnicus Parryi A. Gray), Colorado. 
Cirsium perennans (Greene) Wooton & Standley, New Mexico. 
Cirsium perplexans Rydb. (Carduus americanus perplexans A. Nelson), Colorado. 
Cirsium plaitense (Rydb.) Cockerell (Carduus plattensis Rydb.), Colorado, Nebraska. 
Cirsium pulchellum (Greene) Wooton & Standley (Carduus pulchellus Greene), Utah. 
Cirsium quercetorum (A. Gray) Jepson (Cuicus quercetorum A. Gray), California. 
Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC. (Carduus remotifolius Hook.), Washington. 
Cirsium scopulorum (Greene) Cockerell (C. eriocephalum A. Gray, Cnicus eriocephalus A. 
Gray, Carduus scopulorum Greene), Colorado, Montana, Wyoming. 
Cirsium spathulifolium Rydb. (Carduus spathulatus Osterhout), Colorado. 
Cirsium Tracyi Rydb. (Carduus Tracyi Rydb.), Colorado. 
Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. (Carduus undulatus Nutt., Cnicus undulatus A. Gray, 
C. undulatus Douglasii Greene), California, Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Montana, 
New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah; Alberta. 
Cirsium vernale (Osterhout) Cockerell (Carduus vernalis Osterhout), Colorado. : 
Cirsium virginianum (L,.) Michx. (Carduus virginianus L., Cnicus virginianus Pursh), 
North Carolina. ; 
Cirsium Wrightii A. Gray (Carduus Wrightii A. Heller), Arizona. 
Cirsium sp., Texas; Michoacan, Oaxaca; Costa Rica. 
Type LocaLity: Near Driesen, Germany, on Cirsium oleraceum. 
DistRisuTION: Alberta and North Dakota southward to Louisiana and Costa Rica, as well 
as from New Jersey and North Carolina westward to Minnesota and Missouri, being especially 
abundant in the western mountains; also in Europe and Asia. 
InLustRatTIons: Beitr. Krypt. Schweiz 2?: f. 168-171; Ber. Deuts. Bot. Ges. 11: pl. 21, f. 
31-33, 40-48; Zeits. Pflanzenkr. 9: 287, f. 9-12; Grove, Brit. Rust Fungi f. 94, 95. 
Exsiccatt: Barth. Fungi Columb. 2353, 2757, 3549, 3652, 3747, 3748, 4055, 4352, 4566; Barth. 
N. Am. Ured. 28, 131, 132, 230, 537, 629, 735, 934, 935, 1034, 1035, 1143, 1227, 1340, 1750, 2345; 
Brenckle, Fungi Dakot. 64; Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 318, 553; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 
1571, 2142; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2253, 2254; Garrett, Fungi Utah. 69, 93, 132; D. Griff. 
W. Am. Fungi 356; Seym. & Earle, Econ. Fungi 306; Sydow, Ured. 1581, 1772, 2269; Zahlbr. 
Krypt. 2010. 
