180 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [| VoLUME 9 
wet, glabrous in the center, margin involute, at length spreading, white-tomentose for 
some time, then glabrous: context firm, white, having a rather strong odor when fresh ; 
latex instantly changing to sulfur-yellow, acrid; lamellae whitish or pale-cream, a few 
forking near the stem, close, decurrent, about 4mm. broad; stipe whitish, spotted with 
cream or dull-yellow, equal, glabrous, or pruinose at the top, stuffed, becoming hollow, 
3.5 cm. long, 2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globular to elliptic, echinulate, 5-7 X 7-9 x. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Smaland, Sweden. 
HaBiraT: In woods, chiefly in mountainous regions. 
DISTRIBUTION : New York and Vermont; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. A/. 169, f. 1. 
ExsiccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 7. 
IV. Insulsae. Pileus broad; margin involute at first, naked or pruinose; surface 
some shade of yellow, very viscid when young or wet, glabrous: context firm; latex 
white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae becoming neither darker with age nor pruinose. 
14. Lactaria insulsa Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. 
Agaricus insulsus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1. 68. 1821. 
Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, becoming depressed in the center, 4.5-10 cm. broad; 
surface coppery-orange with alternating zones of deeper and lighter tones, sometimes yel- 
lowish-buff zoned with coppery-orange, center coppery-orange to red-ochre, viscid, glabrous, 
surface not polished, and often marked with striae like the stem of a Russula,; margin 
involute at first, and remaining arched, sometimes pruinose: context firm, then somewhat 
lax, white, odorless, possibly poisonous; latex white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae 
white, becoming dull-reddish along the margins where rubbed, frequently forking near the 
stipe, adnate, becoming decurrent as the pileus deepens, thin, fragile, 2 mm. broad; stipe 
paler than the pileus, sometimes spotted with deeper color, tapering downwards, glabrous, 
stuffed, then hollow, 1.5-5 cm. long, up to 10 or 12 mm. thick: spores pale Naples-yellow- 
globose, strongly echinulate, 7-8, rarely 6 in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Malmé, Sweden. 
HABITAT: On the ground in rather open woods or by trails in mixed deciduous woods. 
DISTRIBUTION: From Maine to Alabama and west to Missouri; also in Europe. 
_ ILLUSTRATIONS: Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. p/. 13, 7. 2; Bres. Funghi Mang. /. 62; Cooke, 
Brit. Fungi £/. 975; Gill. Champ. Fr. /. 386; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pi. 59 (as Agaricus 
Slexuosus); Krombh. Abbild. £/. 12, f. 1-6; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. £1.56, f. 1, a, 6,c; Richon & 
Roze, Atl. Champ. £1.37, f. 10-212. 
ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 15. 
15. Lactaria affinis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 116. 1872. 
Lactaria platyphylla Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 118. 1872. 
Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane to depressed in the center, 6-12 cm. or 
more broad; surface ochraceons-yellow, azonate, very viscid in wet weather, glabrous ; 
margin involute, then merely arched, even, naked or pruinose: context firm, white; latex 
white, unchanging or sometimes drying pale-greenish on the wounded lamellae, acrid ; 
lamellae whitish or cream-colored, not changing color with age, but often becoming pruinose 
in drying, many forking near the stipe, not very close, adnate to slightly decurrent, 4-10 
mm. broad; stipe yellowish, paler than the pileus, often spotted, nearly equal, viscid when 
wet, stuffed, becoming hollow, 3-6 cm. long, 10-22 mm. thick: spores whitish, globose to 
broadly elliptic, echinulate, 8104. 
TYPE LOCALITY: New York. 
HasitaT : On the ground in mixed balsam, spruce, and maple woods. 
DISTRIBUTION: Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Vork. 
EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 16. 
V. Triviales. Pileus broad ; margin inrolled at first and naked; surface from gray 
to putty-color or some shade of red, slimy viscid, glabrous: context firm; latex white, un- 
changing, but in some species staining the broken flesh or lamellae a pale dult-grcen 
acrid; lamellae only slightly darker and scarcely pruinose with age. 
