184 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 9 
3-4 mm. broad ; stipe flavous, spotted with brighter yellow, paler at the apex, thicker at the 
base, firm, 6 cm. long, 3 cm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, somewhat echinulate. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Augsburg. : 
HasitaT: In mixed woods, in a moist but not wet locality. _ 
DISTRIBUTION: Stratton, Vermont, at about 500 meters elevation ; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. f. 3. 
VIII. Aspideae. Pileus usually of medium size; margin involute at first varying from 
pruinose-downy to minutely tomentose, soon naked; surface gray or yellow, very viscid 
when young or wet, glabrous: contextrather firm at first, then lax; latex white, staining 
the broken lamellae and flesh lilac, bitter to acrid; lamellae becoming somewhat darker 
and pruinose with age. 
25. Lactaria aspidea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. 
Agaricus aspideus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 189. 1818. 
Agaricus roseo-violascens Lasch, Linnaea 3: 161. 1828. 
Pileus fleshy, not thick, plane to convex, slightly papillate, at length depressed, 3-10 
cm. broad; surface straw-colored, somewhat sordid, azonate, viscid, glabrous; margin in- 
volute at first with a zone of white silky tomentum, then entirely glabrous : context white, 
poisonous ; latex white, changing to lilac, acrid; lamellae white or cream, rather close, 
somewhat thick, varying in length, here and there connected by branches, about 2 mm. 
broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal, even, glabrous, stuffed, 
then hollow, 5-8 cm. long, up to 15 mm. thick: spores globular, echinulate, 8-10/ in 
diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. 
HasitaT: In moist places under willows, and in the border of woods. 
DISTRIBUTION : New York ; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Lanzi, Funghi Mang. p/. 56, f. 2, u, 6, c,d; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 1083. 
26. Lactaria aspideoides Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 87. 1907. 
Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane, becoming infundibuliform with age, 
3-4.5 cm. broad; surface sulfur-yellow with narrow zones of buttercup-yellow, very 
viscid when wet, having a thick and persisting gluten, glabrous; margin involute and 
minutely tomentose at first, then spreading and glabrous: context rather firm, whitish, 
changing to lilac where exposed to the air; latex white, becoming lilac where in contact 
with the broken flesh, bitter; lamellae whitish then cream-colored spotted with yellow, 
staining lilac where wounded, sometimes forking next the stipe, close, adnate, but acute 
at the inner end, 4 mm. broad; stipe sulfur-yellow, often spotted with buttercup-yellow, 
equal or abruptly smaller at the base, viscid when young or wet, glabrous, stuffed, becom- 
ing hollow, 2-3.5 cm. long, 6-10 mm, thick: spores white, globular to broadly elliptic, 
echinulate, 5-7 X 7-8 z. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Newfane, Vermont. 
HasitaT: In grassy hillside sheep-pasture, near small fir trees. 
DISTRIBUTION : Vermont. 
EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. L?. 
27. Lactaria lividorubescens (Batsch) Burl. Mem. Torrey 
Club 14: 49. 1908. 
Agaricus lividorubescens Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 51. 1789. 
Agaricus uvidus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 191. 1818. 
Laciarta uvida Fries, Epicr. Myc. 338. 1838. 
Lactaria livescens Pass. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 105. 1872. 
Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, then plane to depressed, often umbonate, 4-8 cm. 
broad ; surface cinereous or brownish-gray, tinged with lilac, often faintly spotted and zonate 
especially when young, viscid, glabrous; margin involute at first, then spreading except 
the extreme edge which remains inrolled for some time and is at first white-pruinose to 
minutely downy: context firm then more lax, white, changing to lilac where wounded : 
latex white, changing to dark-lilac or violet where in contact with the flesh, acrid, some- 
