226 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 
age or where bruised, mostly equal, firm but spongy within, 4-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: 
spores ochroleucous, elliptic, finely echinulate, 7 X 8.7 u. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. 
Hasrrat: Usually in coniferous woods. 
DISTRIBUTION: New England States, New York, Mississippi, and Washington; also in Europe. 
ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 5 
78. Russula rubescens Beardslee, Mycologia 6: 91. 1914. 
Pileus convex, then expanded and depressed, 5-8 cm. broad; surface red, paler on the 
margin, fading with age, viscid when wet; margin thin, striate: context mild in taste; lamellae 
white, forked, especially at the base, adnate, close; stipe white, becoming cinereous without and 
within with age, often blackening with age or in drying, quickly becoming red and finally black 
when wounded, stuffed, becoming hollow: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, roughly echinulate, 
7-9 » in diameter; cystidia numerous, large, 50-65 X 10-12 u. 
TYPE Loca.ity: Asheville, North Carolina. 
DistrR1sutTion: Known only from the type locality. 
ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 6: pl. 121, f. 1. 
79. Russula nigrescentipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 214. 1906. 
Pileus convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 3-5 cm. broad; surface 
bright-red, viscid when moist, glabrous; margin striate: context white, the taste mild; lamellae 
white, equal, narrowed next to the stipe and united, nearly free, much broader in front, close; 
stipe white, slightly tinged with red at the base, becoming blackish where handled or bruised, 
equal, glabrous, tough and elastic, 3-5 em. long, 6-8 mm. thick: spores white, globose to 
subglobose, very finely echinulate, 6-8 uv in diameter. 
TYPE Locality: St. Louis, Missouri. 
Hasirat: In woods. . . 
DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Ohio and Missouri. 
80. Russula subdepallens Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 412. 1896. 
Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded or depressed in the center, often irregular, 8-16 
em. broad; surface blood-red or purple-red with scattered luteous spots, then paler or 
subwhite, viscid; margin striate to striate-tuberculate with age: context fragile, white, grayish 
with age, mild in taste; lamellae white or whitish, venose-connected, subdistant, broad, adnate; 
stipe white, solid, spongy within, 4-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.3 cm. thick: spores white, globose, 
8 w in diameter. 
TyPk LOCALITY: Trexeltown, Pennsylvania. 
Hasrrat: On the ground under hickory, oak, or chestnut. 
DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and Michigan. 
81. Russula flava Romell, Nord. Svampb. 27. 1899. 
Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 5-8 em. 
broad; surface flavous or golden-yellow, sometimes discolored with age, viscid when wet, 
glabrous; margin even to slightly striate when mature: context white, becoming gray with 
age and in drying, the taste mild; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow, then gray with age, 
equal, not forking, adnexed, close, broader at the outer ends; stipe white, becoming more or 
less gray with age or in drying, nearly equal, obscurely reticulate-rivulose, spongy, 5-8 cm. 
long, 1-2 cm, thick: spores pale-yellow, globose, echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. 
Hasitat: In mixed woods of fir, spruce, beech, and maple. 
DISTRIBUTION: New England west to Michigan; also in Europe. 
XX. Betulinae. Pileus rather broad, with the pellicle separable on the margin at least; 
surface some shade of salmon, rosy, or vinaceous, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even 
at first, sometimes striate when old: context white, unchanging, mild, without special odor 
(one species is bitter and has a fetid odor); lamellae mostly equal, some forking at the stipe: 
spores ochraceous. 
