272 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 
in age or in dried plants: context somewhat tough, thick at the disk, whitish, the taste pleasant, 
the odor fragrant; lamellae white, yellowish when dry, broad, distant, free: spores 7-9 X 4-5 u: 
stipe pallid, equal, solid, corticate, with a villous, interwoven cuticle, appearing nearly smooth 
or slightly villous-pubescent, 4-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick, 
TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. 
Hazitat: Grassy places. 
DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in-Europe. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 129; Bolt. Hist. Fung. pl. 151; Boyer, Champ. pl. 38; 
Bres. Funghi Mang. pl. 84; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 144, pl. 528, f. 2; Bernard, Champ. Roch. i. 43, f. 2; 
Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1118 (1072); Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 14, f. 3; E. & P. Nat. PA. I *: f. 113, 
G; F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwimme l. 8, f. 3; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 31; Gill. Champ. Fr. 1.202 
(444); Hahn, Pilz-Samml. ed. 2. pl. 12, f. 62; Hard, Mushrooms pl. 191-192; Harzer, Abbild. Pilze 
pl. 17, 6; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. ol. 45, f. 3; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 6, f. 16; Mycologia 2: pl. 19, f. 3; 
Palmer, Mushr. Am. pl. 3; Pat. Tab. Fung. pl. 328; Paulet, Traité Champ. 3: pl. 103, f._ 1-4; 
Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 24, f. 5; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 50, f. 1-3; Schaeff. Fung. 
Bavar. pl. 77; Sow. Engi. Fungi pl. 247. : 
Exsrecati: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 19; D. Sace. Myc. Ital. 1402; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 701; 
Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 908; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 72; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 30/; Roum. Fungi 
Gall. 2002; Shear, N. VY. Fungi 21; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1401, 1402; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 610, 6106; 
Thiim. Myc. Univ. 303; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 4. 
94. Marasmius spongiosus Berk. & Curt.; Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew 
Misc. 1: 100. 1849. , 
Marasmius semisquarrosus Berk. & Cooke; Cooke, Grevillea 6: 129. 1878. 
Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, obtuse or plane, 1-3 cm. broad; surface whitish-fuscous, 
whitish-brown, or tan, the center darker: lamellae slightly adnate, subcrowded, moderately 
broad, whitish: spores 7-9 XK 3~4 uw: stipe 5-10 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick, furfuraceous-pulveru- 
lent to villous, the base thickened, more or less spongy, tawny to dark-brown or almost black, 
often rooting, the rooting portion being 3-5 cm. long. 
Tyre Locatity: Gainesville, Florida. 
Hasitat: Debris in woods. 
DISTRIBUTION: New York to Florida and west to Ohio. 
Intustratrions: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1123 (1077) B; Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 174, f. 2 (as 
Marasmius erythropus). 
Exsiccatt: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 601; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 912; Rav. Fungi Car. 3:7; Rav. 
Fungi Am. 106. ‘ 
95. Marasmius dichrous Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 
426. 1853. 
Marasmius caespitosus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:58. 1873. 
Marasmius fagineus Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 192. 1883. 
Pileus subfleshy, convex, at length plane or depressed, 2-4 cm. broad; surface not polished, 
dry, nearly smooth to rugose-striate, reddish or purplish-pallid to alutaceous, becoming brown 
in dried plants: lamellae adnate, often becoming nearly free, close, narrow in front, often 
crisped, pale-reddish: spores often guttulate, 8-10 X 4.5-5 u: stipe short, hollow, thickened 
upward, reddish-pallid, brown, or dark-reddish-brown, pruinose or slightly pubescent at the 
subtuberculose base, 1-3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. 
TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. 
Haszitat: Upon twigs, bark, wood, etc., in woods. 
DIsTRIBUTION: New England to South Carolina and west to the Central States. 
96. Marasmius fuscopurpureus (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 377. 
1838. 
Agaricus fuscopurpureus Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 12. 1798. 
Pileus tough, fleshy, convex to plane or subumbilicate, 3-5 em. broad; surface smooth, 
dark-purplish-brown, becoming yellowish or alutaceous in dry plants, margin slightly furrowed 
or striate: context mild; lamellae subdistant, rather thick, adnexed to adnate, often separating 
from the stipe, reddish: spores 8-10 X 4 u: stipe even or thickened downward, dark-purplish 
or reddish-brown, nearly smooth above, reddish-brown-strigose below, 5-8 em. long, 3-4 mm. 
thick. 
