186 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 21 
as loug as the perianth; pistillate ‘perianth elliptic-oblong, 3 mm. long, slightly constricted 
below the mouth, obtusely 5-dentate, puberulent; fruit oblong-ellipsoid, 7-11 mm. long, 3-4 
min. in diameter. 
Type Locality: Described from cultivated specimens. 
DistRisuTion: General in the West Indies except Jamaica; also in Colombia and Venezuela. 
17. Torrubia Harrisiana (Heimerl) Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. 
Herb. 18: 100. 1916. 
Pisonia obtusata Heimerl, Bot. Jahrb. 21: 624, in part. 1896. Not P. obtusata Jacq. 1798. 
Pisonia Harrisiona Heimerl, Symb. Ant. 7: 214. 1912. 
Tree, 6-15 meters high, the branches stout, gray or brownish, rugulose, the branchlets 
stout, yellowish-gray, sparsely rufo-puberulent but soon glabrate; leaves opposite, subequal, 
the petioles 0.5-2 cm. long, slender, puberulent or glabrate, the blades oval, oval-obovate, 
or obovate, 4.5-11.5 em. long, 2.2-6 cm. wide, broadest at or sometimes above the middle, 
obtuse to attenuate at the base and usually short-decurrent, rather abruptly acute or acutish 
or sometimes obtuse at the apex, thin, concolorous, lustrous above, sparsely puberulent when 
young but soon glabrate, the margins plane or slightly revolute, the lateral veins evident, 
slender, distant, 6—9 on each side, the veinlets obsolete or nearly so; peduncles stout, 2.5-7 cm. 
long, puberulent or glabrate, the inflorescence loosely corymbose, 4~7 em. broad, many-flowered, 
the branches slender, ascending or spreading, densely grayish- or brownish-puberulent, the 
flowers sessile or subsessile, glomerate, the bractlets ovate or lanceolate, acutish, 1 mm. long, 
puberulent; staminate perianth tubular-funnelform, 3.5-4 mm. long, densely puberulent, 
shallowly and obtusely 5-dentate; stamens 6-8, less than twice as long as the perianth; pistillate 
perianth subcampanulate, 2.5-3 mm. long, the limb 1.5 mm. broad, spreading, 5-dentate, the 
teeth acutish, densely puberulent; fruit ellipsoid, 8-9 mm. long, 4-6 mm. thick, dark-red, 
the utricle 5-6 mm. Jong, striate. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Potsdam Woodland, Santa Cruz Mountains, Jamaica, at an altitude of 860 
meters. . 
DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica. 
4. PISONIA L,. Sp. Pl. 1026. 1753. 
Pallavia Vell. Fl. Flum. 151. 1827. 
Trees or shrubs, erect or subscandent, glabrous or pubescent, often armed with spines. 
Leaves mostly opposite, usually petiolate, the blades entire. Flowers dioecious, small, reddish- 
or yellowish-green, arranged in sessile or pedunculate cymes, exinvolucrate, 2—3-bracteolate. 
Staminate perianth obconic-campanulate, the limb 5-dentate, the teeth short, induplicate- 
valvate; stamens 6-8, exserted, the filaments unequal, filiform, short-connate at the base, 
the anthers didymous. Pistillate perianth tubular, the limb 5-dentate. Ovary elongate- 
ovoid, sessile, attenuate to a slender short-exserted style; stigma penicillate. Anthocarp 
coriaceous, clavate or oblong, terete and costate or 5-angulate, the angles or costae furnished 
with one or more rows of viscid stipitate glands; utricle elongate, coriaceous or membranaceous. 
Seed with a hyaline testa adherent to the pericarp; embryo straight, the cotyledons broad, 
thin, enclosing the scanty endosperm, the radicle short, inferior. 
Type species, Pisonia aculeata L,. 
Plants armed with spines. 
Mature fruit 5-10 mm. in diameter, the glands along the angles in 2 or 
more rows. 
Fruit 5-6.5 mm. in diameter; spines numerous, stout, recurved; 
leaves glabrous. 1. P. Helleri. 
Fruit 7-10 mm. in diameter; spines few, or wanting on the ultimate 
branches, usually straight; leaves puberulent or short-villous 
along the costa beneath. 2. P. macranthocarpa. 
Mature fruit 3-4 mm. in diameter, the glands along the angles uni- 
seriate or nearly so. 
Staminate peduncles mostly fasciculate, the inflorescence with 10 or 
fewer flowers; spines straight. 3. P. fasciculata, 
Staminate peduncles solitary, the inflorescence many-flowered. 
Staminate flowers yellowish-green, in loose open cymes 2.5-6 
em. broad. 4, P. aculeata. 
