188 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 21 
long, in age 2-5 cm. long; pistillate perianth 3 mm. long, funnelform, the teeth short and broad, 
obtuse or acute, densely puberulent; fruit woody, oblong in outline or broadly clavate, 1-2.1 
em. long, 7-10 mm. thick, 5-angled, truncate or depressed at the apex, acute at the base, 
the faces densely tomentulose with yellowish or brownish hairs, each angle furnished with a 
row of low multiseriate glands; seed ellipsoid, about 9 mm. long and 3 mm. in diameter. 
TYPE Locality: Escuintla, Guatemala, at an altitude of 330 meters. 
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Chiapas to Nicaragua and Costa Rica; also in Venezuela. 
3. Pisonia fasciculata Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13: 388. 
1911. 
Branches reddish-brown or gray, smooth, the branchlets stout, spinosé, sparsely puberu- 
lent when young, glabrate in age; spines few, stout, straight, 3-4 mm. long; petioles slender, 
4-5 mm. long, puberulent; leaf-blades oblong-elliptic to oval-elliptic, 3.5—-4 cm. long, 1.3-2 
em. wide, acute at the base, acute or abruptly acute at the apex, the apex usually obtuse, 
subcoriaceous, bright-green, concolorous, sparsely puberulent beneath along the midvein, at 
least when young, elsewhere glabrous, the margins plane, the lateral veins nearly obsolete; 
peduncles of the staminate inflorescence usually in clusters of 2-5, 10-12 mm. long, viscid- 
villous with very short ferruginous hairs, the cymes subcapitate, about 1 cm. in diameter, 
5-10-flowered, the flowers short-pedicellate, the pedicels densely and shortly ferrugino-villous; 
staminate perianth campanulate, 2-3 mm. long, glandular-puberulent; stamens 6, nearly 
twice as long as the perianth; pistillate flowers and fruit not known. 
TYPE LocaLIty: Nicaragua. 
DISTRIBUTION: Guatemala and Nicaragua. 
4. Pisonia aculeata L. Sp. Pl. 1026. 1753. 
Pisonia villosa Poir. in Lam. Encyc. 5: 347. 1804. 
Pisonia Siebert Schlecht. Linnaea 22: 876. 1822. 
Pisonia loranthoides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 7: 197. 1825. 
Pallavia aculeata Vell. Fl. Flum. 151. 1825. 
Pisonia monotaxadenia Wright; Sauv. Anal. “Acad. Ci. Habana 7: 199. 1870. 
Pisonia tomentosa Vahl; Heimerl, Bot. Jahrb. 21: 631, as synonym. 1896. 
Pisonia grandifolia Standley, Contr. ULS. Nat. Herb. 13:391. 1911. Not P. grandifolia Warb, 1891. 
Densely branched shrub, often with a thick trunk, the branches stout, elongate, drooping 
or subscandent, usually armed with numerous stout, recurved, very rarely straight spines 
6-20 mum. long, the bark of older stems reddish-brown, with few or no lenticels, the branchlets 
densely puberulent or short-villous, rarely glabrate; petioles slender or stout, 0.5-3.5 cm. 
long; leaf-blades very variable in outline, commonly elliptic-oval, but often ovate-oblong, 
subrhombic, obovate, oval, obovate-orbicular, or even orbicular, 2.5-15 cm. long, 1.5-6 cm. 
wide, usually broadly or narrowly cuneate at the base but sometimes rounded or even sub- 
cordate, acute or acutish at the apex or abruptly acute or acuminate or even rounded or 
emarginate, thick and succulent, glabrous and lustrous on the upper surface or puberulent, 
glabrate beneath or puberulent or short-villous, always with at least sparse pubescence along 
the costa, the margins plane, the lateral veins evident or obsolete; peduncles stout, 0.8-5 
em. long, or the pistillate ones in fruit still longer; inflorescence loosely or densely cymose, 
many-flowered, at anthesis 2-6 cm. broad, the pistillate cymes in fruit often 10 cm. broad; 
pedicels at anthesis short, puberulent, short-villous, or hirtellous, the ptbescence usually 
viscid, the pistillate pedicels in fruit 1.6 cm. long or less; staminate perianth broadly cam- 
panulate, 2-4 mm. long, densely puberulent or tomentulose, yellowish-green, the lobes broad, 
acutish; stamens ustially 6, twice as long as the perianth; pistillate perianth tubular, 2-3 mm. 
long, pttberulent; fruit clavate, 9-12 mm. long, 3-4 mm. in diameter, rounded at the apex, 
narrowed at the base, thinly coriaceous, 5-angled, each angle furnished with a row of low 
uniseriate or obscurely biseriate glands, the faces glabrate or puberulent; seed cylindric, 7-10 
mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter, brown. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. 
DISTRIBUTION: On sea beaches or hillsides, Florida keys and the West Indies; Tamaulipas to 
Sinaloa and Panama; also in tropical South America and Asia, and on many of the oceanic and 
continental islands. 
InLusTRATIONS: Lam. Tab. Encyc. fl. 861; Vell. Fl. Flum. 4: pl. 12; Sloane, Hist. Jam. pl. 
167, f. 3, 4; Plum. Ic. pl. 227, f. 1; nn 1. Fruct. pl. 76; Wight, Ic. pl. 1763, 1764; Nutt. Sylva 3: 
pl. 721; Fawe. & Rendle, FI. Jam. 3:f.5 
