194 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 21 
7. BOUGAINVILLEA Commers.; Juss. Gen. 91. 1789. 
Josepha Vell. Fl. Flum. 154. 1825. 
Shrubs or small trees, often scandent, glabrous or pubescent, much branched, often armed 
with spines. Leaves alternate, petiolate, the blades broad, entire. Flowers perfect, ex- 
involucrate, either solitary among 3 bracts or, more commonly, in a 3-flowered axillary in- 
florescence consisting of 3 large persistent colored bracts, a flower being borne on the inner 
side of each bract, its pedicel confluent with the costa of the bract; perianth tubular, the 
limb 5- (rarely 4-) lobed, the lobes induplicate-valvate, the tube subterete or 5-angled. Sta- 
mens 5-10; filaments somewhat unequal, capillary, connate at the base into a short cup; 
anthers didymous. Ovary stipitate, fusiform, slightly compressed laterally; style short, fili- 
form or subclavate, straight or slightly curved, included, papillose for part or all its length, 
the larger papillae fimbriate and stigmatose. Anthocarp fusiform, coriaceous, 5-costate. 
Seed with a thin testa adherent to the pericarp; embryo uncinate, the cotyledons incumbent, 
enclosing the farinaceous endosperm, the radicle descending. 
Type species, Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. 
Perianth densely viscid-villous, the lower part nerved but not prominently angled; 
style stigmatose to the middle; plants usually copiously villous. 1. B. spectabilis, 
Perianth puberulent or glabrate, prominently angled below; style stigmatose 
throughout; plants sparsely villous or glabrate. 2. B. glabra. 
1. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Sp. Pl. 2: 348. 1789. 
Bougainvillea bracteata Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 418. 1805. 
Tricycla spectabilis Poir. Encyce. Suppl. 5: 358. 1817. 
Josepha augusta Vell. Fl. Flum. 154, 1825. 
Bougainvillea virescens Choisy, in DC. Prodr. 132: 437. 1849. 
High-climbing woody vine, much branched, armed with numerous spines, the branches 
flexuous, grayish or reddish-brown, usually copiously fulvous-villous, sometimes glabrate, 
the spines stout, straight or curved, 4 cm. long or shorter; petioles one third as long as the 
blades or shorter; leaf blades broadly ovate to suborbictilar or rounded-oval, 5-10 cm. long, 
2.5-6.5 cm. wide, rounded to acutish at the base and often short-decurrent, abruptly acute or 
acuminate at the apex, ustially densely villous beneath and sparsely short-villous on the upper 
surface, often glabrate in age; inflorescence 3-flowered, on a slender peduncle 6-17 mm. long; 
bracts purplish-red or rarely orange, ovate-oval or broadly ovate, 2—4.5 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. 
wide, subcordate at the base, abruptly acute or acuminate or sometimes obtuse at the apex, 
sparsely puberulent or short-villous; perianth 1.5-3 cm. long, the tube green, densely short- 
villous, the lower part not prominently angled, the limb 6-7 mm. wide, the lobes ovate-tri- 
angular, subobtuse, yellowish; stamens 7-10; fruit oblong-ellipsoid, 11-14 mm. long, 5 mm. in 
diameter, grayish-green, densely short-villous. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. 
DistRrsution: Brazil; widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical America, and escaped 
from cultivation in Bermuda and probably elsewhere in the West Indies arid in Central America. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Mart. Fl. Bras. 142: pl. 82; Vell. Fl. Flum. 4: $1. 16; Lam. Tab. Encyc. $1, 294; 
Gaertn. Fruct. pl. 216; Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 12: “pl. 51; BE. & P. Nat. Pfl. 3%: f. 6. 
2. Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, in DC. Prodr. 137: 437. 1849. 
Bougainvillea spectabilis glabra Hook. Bot. Mag. pl. 4810. 1854. 
High-climbing woody vine, much branched, armed with numerous spines, the branches 
yellowish or reddish-brown, puberulent when young but soon glabrate, the spines 6-12 mm. 
long, straight or curved; petioles less than one third as long as the blades, slender; leaf-blades 
broadly ovate to elliptic-oval or ovate-lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long, 2~5.5 cm. wide, rounded to 
acute at the base, abruptly or gradually acute to long-acuminate at the apex, puberulent when 
young but soon glabrate; inflorescence 3-flowered, on a peduncle 1-2.5 cm. long; bracts purplish- 
red, rarely whitish, broadly ovate or oval, subcordate at the base, obtuse to abruptly actite or 
acuminate at the base, sparsely puberulent or glabrous; perianth {.5-2.5 cm. long, the tube 
