216 Dr. Francis HaMirrTON's Commentary 
the two orders, so that it is scarcely possible to say, where the 
one ends, and the other begins. It must however be observed, 
that these Serratule, which have a receptaculum nudum, and 
which compose the genus now called Vernonia, are by Jussieu 
(Gen. Plant. 195.) considered as more nearly allied to Eupato- 
rium than to the Cinarocephale. 
Willdenow on the authority of Swartz has chosen to give the 
genus Vernonia a character (pappus duplex, exterior paleaceus, 
interior capillaris) by no means applicable to the Baccharioides 
of Linnzus ; as I have already mentioned, that this great natu- 
ralist states ** semina pilis simplicibus coronata." I must further 
remark, that at least another of the Vernonias is in a similar pre- 
dicament ; for it is included in the genus Suprago of Gærtner 
(S. glauca Gertn. de Sem. ii. 402; Vernonia glauca Willd. Sp. 
Pl. iii. 1633.), the character of which is perfectly applicable to 
the Cattu Schiragam, and in which no mention is made of the 
exterior leafy pappus. We might indeed suspect, that Willde- 
now had erroneously referred the Cattu Schiragam to a wrong 
genus, the plants included in which have really an exterior leafy 
pappus; but this is rendered doubtful by a remark of M. Poiret 
(Enc. Meth. viii. 496.), who, speaking of this outer pappus of 
the Vernonias, says, “J'ignore si la prémière (laigrette exté- 
rieure) est peu sensible ou caduque, je ne l'ai point remarquée 
dans les espèces que j'ai examinées :" and it must be remarked, 
that M. Poiret had seen living plants of the three first species of 
Vernonia described by Willdenow, while the authority of the 
latter, respecting the only other species, is contradicted by that 
of Linnzus. 
This error in Willdenow, although continued in the Hortus 
Kewensis (iv. 502.), probably induced Dr. Roxburgh (Hort. 
Beng. 60.) to reject the Cattu Schiragam as a Vernonia, and to 
return to the arrangement of Morison, calling it Serratula an- 
thelmintica ; 
