98 Dr. Goodenough and Mr. Woodward'^ Obfervations on 



plants are at firft entire, and thofe of a more advanced growth fhew 

 fometimes much lefs appearance of this proliferous tendency than, 

 others : but we cannot, in this fpecies, attribute the whole of the par- 

 ticular habit to thefe accidental caufes. The callous rings fo frequent- 

 ly feen in fafligmtus^ we fuppofe alfo to be principally occafioned 

 by injury, as we have largely explained in treating of that fpecies. 

 Injuries done to the coarler forts may be more readily traced in 

 their effects — F. infiatus is one inftance of this, which is probably 

 nothing more than veftcuhfus^ with a branch inflated or fwollen by 

 the injury of fome infect or outward violence. The vejiculajusvix. 

 foILiceus, affords one of the mod remarkable inftances of reproduc- 

 tion occafioned by external violence. This has been firft noticed 

 by Major Velley in Withering's Bot. Ait. vol. iii. p. 241 ; and as 

 the pailage is but fhort, we ihall be excufed for quoting it entire* 

 ' If the F. veftculofus receives an injury or fracture in any part of 



* the leaf, provided it be in a healthy vegetating flate, it conftantly 



* throws out abundance of young leaves from the injured part. If 



* even a fmall aperture be made in the middle of it, a new leaf on 

 ' either fide will be found to ihoot out.' Without this explanation 

 it would appear extraordinary, that, where a branch is broken off", 

 not only a clufter of new leaves mould (hoot from the fractured 

 end, but that alfo numerous fimilar ones ihould be produced, from 

 the fides of the broken branch ; which we have obferved to take 

 place. This will alfo account for the frequent appearance of thefe 

 new leaves on the furface of the root itfelf, even whilft the plant is 

 apparently in a perfectly uninjured ftate. 



The foil, or their growing near frefh water, or altogether diftant 



from it, makes a great difference in the fize and texture of any 



plants. On the more inland banks of the Severn, and in the ex- 



tenfive seftuary in the north of Lancashire, formed by the influx of 



4 the 



