Mr. Clark'j Ohfervatkm an the Gtttus Oefirus. 297 



And the tanners alio obferve, that their bell and ftrongeft hides 

 have the greateft number of bot-holes in them: for although the 

 ikin heals up on the exit of the larva, it is not with the fame 

 matter as the original ikin; which has been remarked by late 

 phyfiologifts, and which this curious fact fufficiently confirms. 

 In the leather, when dry, thofe holes which were made in the ikin 

 the year preceding the death of the bead, cannot be diftinguifhed 

 from the others which were made at any former period, not being 

 in any perceptible degree lefs filled up. In the dried hide it does 

 not appear a round hole as in the living ikin, but as a crack only. 

 This arifes from the fpongy fubftance which had filled the aperture, 

 contracting in drying, and burfting, and all® from the artificial mode 

 of hammering and preparing the hide. 



The female fly is very quick in performing the operation of de- 

 porting its egg : (he does not appear to remain on the back of the 

 animal more than a few feconds ; and I have not obferved that the 

 cow ever attempts to lafh this infect off with her tail, which {he 

 performs fo dexterouily when attacked by other flies *. 



The whole of this genus of infects appear to have a ftrong dif- 

 like to moifture, fince the animals find a fecure refuge when they 

 get into a pond or brook, where the Tabani, Conopes, and other flies, 

 follow without herniation, but the Oejlri rarely or never; and during 

 cold, rainy, or windy weather they are not to be feen. 



The larva of this infect are moftly known among the country 

 people by the name of ivornuls, tvorwuls, or warbles, or more pro- 

 perly bots. 



* It has been doubted by Linnseus, and fome other writers (I know not why), whe- 

 ther it fettles in depofiting its egg. The evident fuffering of the animal fufficiently 

 evinces this : perhaps the remark was intended for the OE. Kqui. 



Vol. III. Q^q Of 



