Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica 133 
Arrabidaea patellifera, Attalea rostrata, Blepharodon mucronatum, Bourreria oxy- 
phylla, Casearia aculeata, Cecropia peltata, Chomelia recordii, Cochlospermum viti- 
folium, Colubrina glandulosa, Copaifera camibar, Cordia linnaei, Couroupita nicara- 
guarensis, Cydista aequinoctialis, C. heterophylla, Cyperus tenuis, Davilla kunthii, 
Enterolobium schomburgkii, Guettarda macrosperma, Hirtella racemosa, Hydrolea 
spinosa, Inga vera, Lennea viridiflora, Lonchocarpus rugosus, Lygodium volubile, 
Machaerium acuminatum, Mandevilla subsagittata, Mesechites trifidus, Mucuna sloanei, 
Ouratea lucens, Palicourea crocea, P. triphylla, Polygonum acuminatum, P. hispidum, 
Psychotria glomerulata, Rhynchospora cephalotes, Senna undulata, Serjania rhom- 
bea, Sesbania herbacea, Sloanea terniflora, Tabernaemontana alba, Tetracera volu- 
bilis, Tetramerium nervosum, Tillandsia balbisiana, Wissadula excelsior, Xylopia fru- 
tescens, and Zuelania guidonia. Many of these elements occur in disjunct populations, 
geographically isolated from populations on the Pacific slope. 
One recently discovered element for this flora (Chacén & Zamora, 1988) is the 
palm Acoelorraphe wrightii, conspicuous in the Cafio Negro wetlands; this is an inter- 
esting population, given that it is the southernmost continental locality for the species. 
Acoelorraphe wrightii is a common species in Caribbean coastal pine savannas from 
northern Nicaragua to Mexico. Also worth mentioning are several other elements found 
in this region, characteristic of hot and wet climates of the Caribbean coast of Central 
America and/or South America, such as Amaioua corymbosa, Blechnum serrulatum, 
Campnosperma panamense, Christiana africana*, Cnestidium rufescens, Eugenia 
galalonensis, Hiraea faginea, Hirtella americana, Inga cocleensis, I. laurina*, Mico- 
nia chamissois, M. hondurensis, M. tomentosa, Palicourea triphylla, Ravenia rosea, 
Sloanea tuerckheimii, Tococa guianensis, Trigonia laevis, and Zygia conzattii*. The 
species marked with an asterisk (*) are known in Costa Rica only from the Llanura de 
Los Guatusos. 
In this region, marshlands are of considerable importance. Their species composi- 
tion is quite similar to that of the marshlands and ponds of the dry Pacific coast, with 
perhaps the most unique element being the above-mentioned palm, Acoelorraphe 
wrightii. A few additional marshland species typical of this region are Ambrosia peru- 
viana, Cabomba furcata, Canna indica, Caperonia castaneifolia, Ceratopteris thalic- 
troides, Echinodorus bolivianus, Eleocharis minima, Hydrolea spinosa, Machaerium 
lunatum, Mayaca fluviatilis, Neptunia plena, Nymphaea ampla, N. conardii, Nympho- 
ides indica, Phyla strigulosa, Polygonum hispidum, P. segetum, Pontederia cordata, 
Sagittaria guayanensis, Salvinia auriculata, Sesbania herbacea, Sphenoclea zeylan- 
ica, Thalia geniculata, Tonina fluviatilis, Trichospira verticillata, and Utricularia 
gibba. See also near the end of the section on the General Valley, which shares wetland 
species with this region (especially with the basin of the Rio Sapoa). For further infor- 
mation, see Zamora V. & Bravo-Chacon (1992). 
One can also observe here associations, on temporarily or permanently inundated 
soils, that comprise large important stands of vegetation, such as yolillales, dominated 
