Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica |Plan of the Manual| 249 
Literature references 
The most recent taxonomic revision (if any exist) is cited for each genus (or occasion- 
ally, family), sometimes with other pertinent or referenced articles. This feature is pro- 
vided as a service to the reader. Citation of a revision does not necessarily imply that 
the author of the Manual treatment endorses its taxonomic concepts, or has utilized it 
in any significant way. 
A brief reference to the protologue (original publication) is given for every ac- 
cepted species and infraspecies name and their basionyms (but not for other syn- 
onyms). Only the first page of the protologue is indicated. Plates or figures are cited 
only for some early publications (prior to 1908, when written descriptions became a re- 
quirement). 
Journal titles are rendered in ordinary type, in the standard format given in B-P-H/S 
(Bridson & Smith, 1991). Issue numbers are omitted for all journals with consecutive 
pagination (i.e., the vast majority). Book (and exsiccatae) titles, always italicized, are 
either written out in full (for taxonomic and floristic references) or (for nomenclatural 
references) in the standard format provided by TL-2 (Stafleu & Cowan, 1976-1988) 
and its supplements. When both B-P-H/S and TL-2 forms exist for a particular work, 
the former is generally used. However, Standley’s Flora of Costa Rica (1937b—1938b), 
variously bound and filed as a book in many libraries, is consistently referenced in 
Manual species headings according to its TL-2 abbreviation, “Fl. of Costa Rica” (or as 
“FI. CR,” for the purpose of “sensu” synonymies; see above). Standley’s flora was orig- 
inally published in serial form, as four consecutively paginated issues of “Publ. Field 
Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18:,’ which abbreviation should be heeded in libraries that 
file this as a periodical (the pagination is identical in the two formats). 
Especially in the case of nomenclatural (protologue) references, a special effort has 
been made to provide actual publication dates (which may differ from dates given on 
title pages). This information, for books and a few journals (e.g., Linnaea), derives 
mainly from TL-2 and its supplements. In the case of Nova genera et species plantarum 
(von Humboldt et al., 1816—1825), pagination is generally given for both the Quarto 
edition and the rarer Folio edition (in that order); although publication of most names 
was simultaneous in the two editions, priority is occasionally involved, in which case 
just the earlier edition is cited. 
Genus and species totals 
For each family, the total number of genera and species in the world and in Costa Rica 
is given; for each genus, the total number of species in the world and in Costa Rica is 
given. The global totals are frequently estimates taken from the literature (e.g., Mabber- 
ley, 1997). The Costa Rican totals correspond to the number of taxa accorded full, for- 
