THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE РВІМІЛ.АСЕ Ж. 297 
blade (or dilated leaf-stalk) of an undivided ieaf, or, in other cases, a lobe or process 
» of the carpellary leaf, and not a direct production from the axis (assuming, for descrip- 
tive purposes only, a distinction between axis and appendage). 
6. That the processes or lateral lobes of the carpellary leaf may be infolded, in some 
cases, so as to form secondary carpels. 
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
The following are among the principal works and memoirs relating to the structure 
of Primulaceous flowers, and which have been consulted in the preparation of these 
notes :— 
Поснавтвк, “ Observations sur l'organogénie de la fleur &c. chez les plantes à placenta central libre,” 
Ann. Se. Nat. 3° sér. tome ii. (1844) pp. 279. Cortusa Mathioli, “Flower on apex of free central 
placenta.” ; 
Ввомамтавт, Ann. Sc. Nat. 2° sér. tome i. p. 308, t. ix., and 3° sér. tome ii. (1844) p. 20. 
Вавіметом, C. C., Ann. Nat. Hist. 1844, p. 464. Primula vulgaris. In place of the ovary а cup- 
shaped body, from the centre of which springs a cylindrical column, bearing a cup-like sheath, or im- 
perfect ovary at the top, surrounding a conical placenta studded with ovules. 
ALPHONSE DE CANDOLLE, Neue Denkschriften, Band v. p. 9. General phyllody of flower of Primula 
auricula, leafy condition of ovules, &c. P. prenitens, flowers within the ovary, &c. 
Baron ре Me icog, Ann. Sc. Nat. t. x. 1846. Prolification of inflorescence, &c. 
Uxszn, Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 22, ii. (1850) p. 543, t. 5 & 6; Bot. Gazette, Мау 1851, p. 70. Pri- 
mula sinensis, phyllody of the parts of the flower, &c. 
Payer, Organog. р. 611, t. 153 (1857). 
Masters. Primula sinensis (March 1859). Pistil entirely wanting ; in place of it an umbel of about 
six rays, each bearing a small flower-bud. 
. Cramer, Bildungsabweichungen, р. 132 (1864). 
Masters, Vegetable Teratology, 1869. In this volume a large number of references are given to 
various malformations recorded by various observers or by the author. 
Cave, “Sur le placenta central libre des Primulacées” (analyzed in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xvii. 1870, 
р. 110, Rev. Bibl.). The author supports the axial nature of the placenta on anatomical grounds. If, says 
M. Cave, the spiral vessels are on the inner side of the generating layer, the organ is axial, and vice versd. 
Еліуве, Sur Роуше et sa nature morphologique chez le Primula sinensis. Pamphlet, analyzed in the 
Bull. Soc. Bot. France, lxvii. (1870), Rev. Bibl. p.90. The ovule is considered to be homologous with a leaf. 
the funicules=petiole, the ovular coat=the lamina. See also Bull, Soc. Bot. Fr. 1869, p. 127. 
Cros, Essai de Tératologie Taxinomique (1871), p. 20. Іп this are cited the teratological records 
relating to the Primulacez, extracted from various publications issued since the date of Moguin-Tandon’s 
classic work, * Eléments de Tératologie Végétale’ in 1841. 
Prerrer, “ Zur Blüthenenttwickelung der Primulaceen,” Pringsheim’s Jahrbuch, viii, p. 194. 
Van Тчконем, “Structure du pistil des Primulacées," &c., Ann. Sc. Nat. 5* sér. tome xii. (1871) 
p. 339. 
J. L. pe Lanessan, “ Sur le développement des faisceaux fibro-vasculaires dans les organes floraux des 
Primula,” Bull. Soc. Linn. Par. No. 4, Nov. 1874. Shows, with Trécul, that the fibro-vas сшаг bundles 
are late formations in comparison with the cellular tubercles in which the several organs of the flower begin. 
