THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE PRIMULACE 299 
Figs. 24-32. Copied from drawings by the Rev. G. E. Smith of monstrous flowers of Primula vulgaris. 
Figs. 24, 25. Flowers, seen from the side: nat. size. 
Fig. 26. Flower, natural size; sepals and petals turned down to show the hypogynous pistillodic stamens 
and the normal pistil. 
Fig. 27. Normal pistil, with hypogynous petal, attached to which is a pistillodic stamen: magnified. 
Fig. 28. Pistillodic stamen from 26, magnified, showing a filament, a dilated anther bearing rudimentary 
ovules in the centre and at the margins and with a terminal style. 
Fig. 29. Pistillodic stamen with ovules, and three secondary carpels with styles. 
Fig. 30. Back view of the same, the styles cut across : magnified. 
Fig. 31. Filament with pistillodic anther, from the side: the margins bear ovules; and the apex termi- 
nates in a style. 
Fig. 32. Filament with pistillodic anther, with abortive ovules and terminal style. 
Figs. 33-38. Pistillodic Stamens from Primula vulgaris, taken from the flowers shown in Plate XLI. : 
all slightly magnified. 
Fig. 33. Pistillodic s stamen, with apex infolded, and with central placentary rib bearing ovules. In other 
cases this rib was quite detached. 
Fig. 34. Section of preceding. 
Fig. 35. Similar stamen to 33, with detached filamentous outgrowth. 
Fig. 36. Another specimen, placental rib quite detached except at the base. 
Fig 37. Section at upper portion. 
Fig. 38. Section at lower portion. 
PLATE XL. 
Figs. 1-3. Primula vulgaris, from Miss Dowson’s specimens (magnified). 
Fig. 1. Pistillodie stamen irregularly pinnately lobed, terminal lobe infolded, laterallobes some destitute 
of ovules, others ovuliferous on one or both margins; lowermost lobe infolded so as to become 
a secondary carpel, with ovules on its margin, and its apex prolonged into a style; from the 
centre emerges a placentary rib bearing an imperfect ovule. 
Fig. 2. Pistillodic stamen, in the form of an open carpel, with ovary, style, and EST stigma, but 
destitute of ovules. 
Fig. 3. Pistillodic stamen represented by a spiral style only. 
Figs. 4-16 show Leafy or Pelal-like Condition of Pistil etc. 
Fig. 4. Leafy pistil laid open, taken from a virescent Primrose, magnified. Тһе pistil, owing to arrest of 
development, was in the shape ofa tube open at the top. The placenta is seen above the orifice 
of the tube of the pistil raised on a long stalk, and covered by imperfect stalked ovules. 
Fig. 5. Section of upper part of placenta of the same. 
Figs. 6 and 7. Abortive ovules from the same. 
Fig. 8. Petalodic pistil of P. vulgaris open at the top, and cut down the side to show the placenta : 
magnified. 
Fig. 9. Similar pistil from P. prenitens. The free edge of the petaloid carpels is here fringed; the 
surface bears a few imperfect ovules (parietal placentation) in addition to the free central 
placenta. 
Fig. 10. Extremity of placenta from the same flower, enlarged, and with some of the ovules removed to 
show the apex of the placenta giving off thickened funiculi destitute of ovules. 
Fig. 11. Open carpel of Polyanthus, showing carpel lobed at the sides—the lobes being, some of them 
ovuliferous (ov), others prolonged into styles, as is also the apex : magnified. 
