29 
leaves, and smothered in golden-orange flowers. A Psychotria sp., resembling 
P. sarmentosa, with white panicles of flowers, Idenburgia arfakensis repre- 
senting a new natural order, Myrtus flavida var. glabrescens, a glabrous form 
of the Kinabalu species, Jambosa arfakensis, with small thick leaves and 
white flowers, Palmervandenbroekia papuana, an interesting new genus in 
Araliacez, and ° Timonius jilipes, were in full flower. 
3. Mossy Forest. 
The occurrence of this sterile type of mossy forest, as distinct from the 
intermediate form, was limited to the highest points of the ridge, where 
the prostrate and erect trunks of the small stunted trees with the ground 
between were swathed in long moss, which, as usual in this type of associa- 
tion, stands out straight from its supports, rigidly turgid and generally in 
vegetative condition. 
*Schizea malaccana, *Gahnia psittacorum, 1 m. high, Halorrhagis suf- 
fruticosa, Nepenthes maxima var. nana, the twining °Luzuriaga aspericaulis, 
Rhododendron angiense, an undershrub, with *Trichomanes digitatum, 
Hymenophyllum cincinnatum, °Polypodium papuanum, and °P. remigerum 
as epiphytes, were collected. 
6. Lake Basin. 
2a. Intermediate Mossy Forest. 
An isolated circular forest patch, in about the centre of the marsh, proved 
the best collecting-ground in the mountain-forest area. 
The average height of the trees was about 16 m.—a few symmetrical conical 
dark green crowns of Libocedrus arfakensis, the topmost branches of which 
were all dead, as if the trees had reached the limit of their development or 
the roots had penetrated into an unfavourable substratum, with the smaller 
feathery glaucous green of °Podocarpus papuanus rising above them. 
On the exterior a fringe of bracken bordered this patch on the north, 
while towards the south a wild dense upgrowth of grass-jungle, fern, and 
shrubs seemed tu point to the forest spreading in that direction. On the 
western or lake side, a raised spit of coarse granite-sand, carrying a 
graduated growth of Backea frutescens, intruded into the marsh, the level, 
no doubt, marking that of the forest-patch. 
Trees.—On the southern edge, where the trees were more advanced, 
*Podocarpus Rumphii and °P. papuanus in full fruit, *Phyllocladus hypo- 
phyllus, Trimenia arfakensis with white flowers, the scented Pullea papuana, 
Spirewanthemum bullatum, both with plumose white racemes, the latter showing 
peculiarly bullate leaves, Acronychia papuana, “Dodonaea viscosa, * Backea 
frutescens, the delicate Metrosideros arfakensis, with small glistening leaves 
