81 LEAFLETS ON PHILIPPINE BOTANY Vor. 1, ART. 6. 
of red is visible, terminating into a very hard and shining 
green downwardly curved point which bears a single large 
brown stigmatic disk. 
Type specimen 7379, A. D. E. Elmer, Mount Banahao 
near Lucban, Province of Tayabas, Luzon, May, 1906. The 
maturing of the drupes is gradual from apex to base of the 
syncarpium, the drupes falling to the ground soon after loosening. 
It takes some time before all the drupes of a single fruit are 
shed, and in a fruiting grove of trees all stages can be 
found during the month of May. The lustrous red surfaces 
of the ripe drupes give a very pretty effect from beneath, 
while the sides of the fruit as a whole can hardly be re- 
cognized from the color of the foliage. The fully matured 
syncarpia have a peculiar faint odor, quite similar to that 
of the sweet vernal grass of the United States. This pandan is 
very common along ravines and in swampy places in the 
barrio distriets of Majayjay, Magdalena, Cavinte, Louisiana 
and San Antonio of Laguna Province, Luzon, and also ex- 
tends into other adjoining provinces where similar conditions 
prevail. It has a distinct altitudinal range from about 300 
to 700 m. or the beginning of a subalpine shrubbery vegetation 
mixed with forest trees. Again, its abundance is confined to 
gulehes and ravines in the hill country of open meadows. 
The leaves are extensively used in weaving mats, bags, 
baskets and even coarse hats. The natives call it *Pandan 
Totoo," the true or tame pandan. The entire older leaves 
are gathered and cut into as long lengths as possible. Then 
they are sliced into strips 1 cm. in width (or often into 
wider or narrower strips according to what the material will 
be used for) with a knife set in on a curved bamboo guide 
called “Pafiglinas.” These strips are tied up in small bun- 
dles and usually placed in the sun to dry. Just before 
weaving they are made pliable by a machine called *Ilohan." 
This is kept on the ground floor and is composed of a heavy 
horizontally placed wooden shaft about 3 m. long—each end 
resting upon solid erect standards 1 m. high; one end of this 
shaft is fixed stationary to one of the standards, the other 
end has a handle and can roll back and forth upon the 
flattened upper surface of the second standard. The strips 
are pressed between this rolling end of the shaft and the 
