170 LEAFLETS Or PHILIPPINE Botany [Vor. I, Agr. 7 
ical, on erect glabrous peduncles, much exceeding the leaves, 
solitary, numerously and densely flowered; bracts uniseriate, 
oblong, obtuse, subglabrous, persistent; ligules very minute 
or absent, yellow; scales short or stipitate, keeled, truncate, 
scarious, exceeding the achene; corolla, yellow; achenes com- 
pressed, black, ciliate along the edges, subemarginate, bearing 
two unequal bristles. 
DISTRIBUTION: 
In warm regions of the old world. 
PHILIPPINES: 
1894-5, Marave 175. 
Luzon: 
Bayombong, Province of Nueva Viscaya, May 1902, 
Merrill 306. 
36. HELIANTHUS LINN. 
Erect annual or perennial herbs, with opposite or al- 
ternate leaves. Inflorescence large, corymbose; heads heterog- 
amous, solitary, upon long peduncles; involucre hemispheric, 
the bracts imbricated in several series; receptacle flat, convex 
or conic, chaffy; ligulate flowers neutral, the rays yellow 
and subentire; disk flowers perfect, fertile, the corolla tube 
toothed and sometimes brown or yellow, anthers minutely 
2-toothed at the base; style arms tipped with hirsute 
appendage; achenes thick, compressed, somewhat 4-angled; 
pappus paleaceous, few or with shorter additional ones, all 
deciduous. 
Species 60; natives of the new world. 
1. H. annuus Linn. Sp. Pl. 904, 1753. DC. Prod. 5; 
585, 1836. Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2; 66, 1856. F.: Vil. Now. 
App. 117, 1880.—A stout scabrous or hispid annual, much 
branched, 1 to 2 m. high or in cultivation much higher. All 
but the lower leaves alternate, petiolate, ovate, dentate, 
acute at apex, rough on both sides, the lower ones cordate 
at base. Heads large, often much compressed; involucre 
depressed, its bracts oblong, usually long acuminate or aris- 
