AvausT 16, 1906] MANUAL OF THE PHILIPPINE COMPOSITAE 
tate, ciliate; scales enclosing the disk flowers, 3-cleft; achenes 
obovoid, subglabrous when mature; pappus of two palea. 
DisTRIBUTION: 
India, Persia and in America. 
Luzon: 
Manila, November 1902, Normal School students. 
37. SYNEDRELLA GAERTN. 
Much branched, pubescent or villous annual herbs, with 
opposite leaves. Heads radiate, heterogamous, terminal or 
axillary; ligule short but rather broad, yellow, 2 to 3-toothed; 
disk flowers fertile, tubular, 4-toothed; involucre oblong; bracts 
few, the outer foliaceous, inner ones chaffy; anther bases 
subentire; style arms with long acute tips; ray achenes 
smooth, 2-winged, the wings lacerate; those of the disk com- 
pressed or triquetrous, often muricate, the angles terminat- 
ing into spines. 
Species 2; tropical American, African and Asiatic. 
1. S. nodiflora Gaertn. Fruct. 2, t. 171; 456, 1791. DC. 
Prod. 5; 629, 1836. Naves in Fl. Filip. ed. 3; t. 404, 1880. 
Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3; 308, 1881. Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. 
6; 25, 1903. King and Gamb. Mat. Fl. Malay. Penin. 15; 44, 
1905.—A common introduced species, usually much branched, 
from 5 em. up to 5 dm. high. Leaves subentire or finely 
serrate, ovate at the base, much contracted and petiole like, 
sparsely strigose on both sides, usually 3-nerved from near 
the base. Heads turbinate, sessile or upon short peduncles; 
outer bracts strigose, exceeding the linear inner ones; ligulate 
flowers 3 to 5, its tube filiform, bearing a short obovate, 
entire or toothed yellow ligule; outer achenes broadly com- 
pressed, pectinate; inner ones narrower, edges entire bearing 
2 rigidly scabrous spinose pappus bristles. 
DISTRIBUTION: 
Tropical America, and introduced in the old world. 
PHILIPPINES: 
1894-5, Marave 188. 
