AvausT 16, 1906] MANUAL OF THE PHILIPPINE COMPOSITAE 
4. C. tinctorius Linn. Sp. Pl. 830, 1753. DC. Prod. :9 
612, 1837.  Blco. Fl. Filip. ed. 1; 616, 1837: ed. 2; 431, 1845. 
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2; 106, 1856. Benth. Fl. Austr. 3; 458, 
1866. F. Vil. Nov. App. 120,1880. Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3; 386, 
1881. Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. 104, 1892.— Rigid herbs, chiefly bran- 
ched above the middle; stem and branches shining smooth and 
whitish. Leaves sessile, chartaceous, glabrous, entire or spinu- 
lose serrate, ovate, conspicuously nerved on both sides. Heads 
upon leaf bracteate peduncles; solitary; basal portion of the 
lower bracts chartaceously constricted and entire; the upper 
portion usually spreading and leaf like, entire or remotely 
spinescent; flowers orange red; achenes obovoid, 4-angled bear- 
ing 4 bosses; pappus none. 
This species is widely distributed throughout the warm 
countries of the old world, and is sometimes cultivated for 
the coloring matter. Villar reports to have seen living spec- 
imens in Panay and Luzon, and we have no reasons to 
doubt his observation. 
X. MUTISIEAE. 
Leaves rarely opposite. Heads heterogamous or homoga- 
mous, rayed or not; involucral bracts many seriate, unarmed; 
receptacle rarely paleaceous; corolla 2-lipped, ligulate or 
deeply 5-fid; anther cells usually tailed; style arms rounded. 
or truncate, not. appendaged, pappus various. 
56. AINSLIAEA DC. 
Erect scapigerous perennial herbs, with simple or branch- 
ed seapes. Leaves mostly basal, the upper ones alternate. 
Inflorescence upon a slender flowering stem, either fascicled, 
spicate, racemose or paniculate; heads homogamous, small, 
sessile or pedunculate, often pendulous; flowers discoid, white 
or purplish 1 to 4 to each head, all perfect and fertile, 
its limb unequally 5-segmented; involucre narrow; bracts many 
seriate, loosely imbricate, rigid; anther bases sagittate; tails 
long and bearded; style arms narowly cuneate, tips spreading, 
rounded; achenes oblanceolate, subcompressed, ribs none or 
5 to 10, hairy; pappus bristles 1-seriate, feathery. 
Species 16; Japan, China and India. 
