HEPATICH NOV.E ZELANDLE, &c. 575 
occurs at all latitudes in either hemisphere, not one species 
has been detected in the British Isles. 
Monocrza, Hooker. 
50. M. leptohymenia, n. sp.; fronde suborbiculari tenuissima 
prostrata segmentis ut plurimum apice bilobis rotundatis 
undulatis, calyce subulato basi curvato apice lacero. 
Has. New Zealand. 
Fronds matted together, nearly two inches long, the lobes 
about one quarter of an inch wide; blackish-green when dry, 
the younger parts when moistened of a lively green; very 
thin; structure rather carnose, the reticulation very indis- 
tinct; in the moistened plant a few scattered glaucous cells 
are observable among the dusky olive ones of which the 
frond is principally composed. The fronds are dichoto- 
mously divided, the segments of no uniform outline, yet the 
bilobate termination is very common ; the margins are entire 
or crenate in appearance only from their minute undulations, 
there is no midrib; beneath the frond and along the axis 
are numerous pale roots, which are particularly clustered 
below the calyx. The calyx rises, not from between the lobes 
as inthe Marchantie, but from the upper surface of the 
frond and is in fact a continuation of the superior tegument 
of the frond, it is slightly curved as well as wider below, has 
a narrow jagged opening above, it envelopes one third at 
least of the linear receptacle on which the capsule is borne. 
The capsule is linear, opening on one side for its entire length, 
also a very little at the top on the opposite side; when ripe and 
dehiscent its margins are reflexed, within is the columella so 
fine a thread that it can only be seen with a magnifier, and 
even requires some expert manipulation for its exhibition. 
In the young state the seeds and spiral filaments are con- 
nected by a pale transparent membrane into a cylinder / 
Surrounding the columella: after maturity this membrane 
disappears ; the seeds are numerous, angulato-rotund, to 
Several I have seen attached a minute footstalk, probably the 
remains of an umbilical cord; the spiral filaments are much 
