186 NEW BRITISH MOSSES. 
revolute, the areolation something wider, less distinctly dotted 
and scarcely papillose, their hue a deep dull green, with 
none of that yellow tinge usual in O. affine. Pedicel shorter 
(barely equalling the vaginula) not tapering at all into the 
collum, but in O. affine passing gradually into it. Capsule 
much shorter and rounder, more widely areolated, the strie 
reddish, in O. affine pale yellow. Operculum shorter, conical ; 
that of O. affine always decidedly rostrate. Calyptra more 
convex, covering two thirds of the capsule. Peristome shorter; 
the cilia about half the length of the teeth. 
O. fallax, Bruch., is the nearest ally of O. pumilum, and is 
to be distinguished from it by the longer and sharper pointed 
upper leaves, the longer capsule, constituted of a more deli- 
cate membrane, the much paler strie, the longer inner pe- 
ristome, and the pedicel tapering into the collum. 
I may add that British Botanists appear to have been in 
the habit of referring to Orthotrichum affine B. pumilum any 
small Orthotrichum with an immersed capsule and 8 cilia; 
and I have seen O. pumilum, O. fallax, O. tenellum and O. 
stramineum preserved in herbaria under this name. 
15. Orthotrichum Sprucii, Montagne in litt., monoicum, sub- 
pulvinatum ; caule subramoso; foliis erecto-patulis, ligu- 
lato-oblongis, apice rotundatis minute apiculatis, carinatis, 
laxe areolatis, margine recurvis, nervo pone apicem eva 
nescente ; capsula obovato-pyriformi, brevicolla, angustius 
8-striata ; calyptra campanulata, nuda ; peristomii dentibus 
bigeminatis, madore horizontalibus, siccitate reflexis. 
Has. * Near Glasgow, 1824;” Dr. Walker-Arnott. Fre- a 
quent on trees and shrubs on the banks of the Ouse, neat 
York, where it grows in company with Leskea pulvinata 3 
and Tortula latifolia; first observed in January, 1842. — 
Banks of the Wharfe and Cock. By the Derwent neat —— 
Matlock Bath. “On rails, stumps, &c., within the reach — 
of floods about Henfield, Sussex, and Burford Bridge 
Surrey (and doubtless common in these counties); very 
often accompanied by Tortula latifolia; Mr. Borrer. 
“Near Bristol;" Mr. Thwaites. “ Banks of the Sence, 
near Twycross, Leicestershire ;” Rev. A. B. Bloxam. 
