236 BOTANICAL INFORMATION: 
cies) differing from all the great corolliflorous orders, but 
much nearer to Scrophulariacee than to any other. 
The anomalies of Usteria and of the Potaliee are singular, 
but do not interfere with the technical limitation of Logania- 
cee and the habit of Potaliee is very near that of Fagrea ; 
that of Usteria is unknown to us. Including these genera 
and all the remaining genera of the Prodromus (except the 
two last doubtful ones) we shall find the axile placentation, 
free ovary, valvate or contorted æstivation, with interpetiolar 
stipules, constant in the latter case, though sometimes eva- 
nescent with the valvate æstivation, good characters to dis- 
tinguish the order from its allies, and affording exceptions 
only in a very few species of one genus, which is unfortunate- 
ly that which gives its name to the order. One species of 
Logania has no stipules, and it appears that the æstivation of 
the corolla which we have generally observed to be contorted 
is not always so; still the genus is too natural a one to be 
broken up, the stipules and contorted æstivation are too pre- 
valent for it to be referred to Scrophulariacee, and this must 
be considered as the narrow isthmus which connects the latter 
order with the remainder of the Loganiacee, and through 
them with Rubiaceæ. 
The ovary and fruit of Loganiacee afford nearly all the va- 
rieties of structure observed in Rubiacee. Thus the Spigeliee 
and Euloganiee correspond with the Hedyotidee, the Strych- 
nee and Fagreacee with the Gardeniee, the Gardneriee and 
Gertneree with the Coffeacee, the Antoniee and Usteriee 
with the Cinchonee, the Labordiee probably with the Hame- 
liee. In the character of Pagamea, the fruit is inadvertently 
stated as, “ bilocularis, loculis monospermis,” and again, 
* semina, ex Benth. numerosissima, minuta." The fact pro- 
bably is that both are in some measure wrong; that, as in 
several Gardeniee, the thick fleshy placentæ look like large 
peltate seeds, and have been described as such, that the nu- 
merous minute seeds observed by Bentham were all abortive, 
and that the real fully formed seeds are as yet unknown. 
The Gentianacee, by Grisebach, are an abridgement and a 
