ON THE AMAZON. 75 
entry is usually made into it by the monkeys and pacas when it is 
already half decayed. I have seen one instance of castanhas ger- 
minating while yet within the shell, or ouriço, as it is called. Some 
of the castanha-trees in the forests of Tanaii are the very largest I have 
anywhere seen ; I measured one which was fourteen yards round at the 
base, and at the height of 50 ft. the circumference was apparently 
very little less; it must have risen to above 100 ft. before puiting 
forth a single huit 
No. 26. Portion of a twisted Sipó from Caripi, on the Rio Para. 
This reached from the ground in a nearly straight line to the top of a 
very lofty tree, having quite the appearance of a cable. I was unable 
to pull it down in order to examine the leaves. The smaller Sipó, 
which has insinuated itself between the folds of the larger one, seemed 
to cease at about half the height of the latter. 
No. 27. Bark of a tree called Tauaré, used for making the envelopes 
of cigars. From Tanaii, Para. September 1849. The single tree I 
saw of this was too large and lofty to admit of procuring its leaves, 
but from its habit, smooth fissile bark, and trunk dilated at the base 
into buttresses (called ** Sapopemas ") I do not hesitate to consider it a 
Lecythis, though a different species from L. ollaria. There is much 
dispute among the amateurs of tobacco-smoke at Para, as to whether 
it is more agreeable when imbibed through cigars of Tawaré, or pipes 
of Zacuari; but the odour of the former is certainly the less disagree- 
able of the two. 
No. 28, Fishing-net made by the iae at Caripi, Rio Parà, of the 
rind of the petiole of the Jupati palm. September 1849. These 
nets are stretched across the mouths of the smaller igaripés at high- 
water; the receding tide leaves the fish confined in shallow water, 
where they are ‘easily caught by the hand. When the igaripé is wide, 
several nets are joined together. The strips of palm are joined 
together by a Sipó called Timbo-titica. 
No. 29. Dipterix odorata (Cumaré, Bras. Tonga bean). Tanai, Rio 
Acara, S. Am. September 1849. (Wood and fruit.) 
No. 30. Tipiti, or Madiocca-strainer, made by the Indians of Tanaii, 
Rio Acara, Para. The Tipiti is used in this manner :—the two ends are 
thrust towards each other, so as to increase its diameter and shorten its 
length; in this state it is filled with the grated root of the Mandiocca ; 
the loop at the lower end is slipped upon a fixed pole ; another pole 
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