4 ON THE STRUCTURE OF CRUCIFEROUS FLOWERS. 
stamens were distant from each other, and opposed to the elements 
of the corolla. 
This hypothesis has again been brought forward by our friend 
M. Gay, in his interesting Memoir on the construction of the 
flower in the Fumariaceze.* 
Dr. Lindley states, like ourselves, that ¢wo stamens stand opposite . 
each of the anterior and posterior sepals, and one opposite each of 
the lateral sepals ;+ but, having imbibed the same opinion as the 
three botanists above named, in the accompanying diagrami he 
has figured the double stamens too much apart: they should, in 
reality, touch each other. — . 
The structure of the andreceum of some of the species of 
Gynandropsis will aid us in explaining that of the Cruciferae. The 
great affinity that exists between them and the Capparideæ is well 
known. In the Gynandropsis the extremely developed receptacle 
is elongated into a sort of foot-stalk (gynophorwm), terminated by 
the ovarium, and bears the andrceceum upon a swollen portion at 
its base. The stamens on falling, leave on this portion of the 
foot-stalk small scars, more or less visible, whose relative position 
it is generally easy to determine. M. A. de St. Hilaire, and one 
of us, have remarked that in several species two of these scars were 
isolated ; whilst the four others, placed higher, were associated two 
and two, and that the two pairs alternated with the single sta- 
mens. Comparing the respective positions of the Andreceum and 
the Corolla, they found that the single stamens alternated with 
two petals, and each pair of geminate stamens with two others. 
This arrangement is identical with that of the Cruciferæ. 
Several modern botanists have sought to explain, whence it 
happens that the andræceum of the Cruciferæ has deviated in this 
manner from the type of the calyx and corolla. 
M. A. de St. Hilaire observed at Orleans, and M. Delile in 
the Paris garden, plants of Cardamine hirsuta, L., in which the 
flowers were tetrandrous and ternate : other botanists, when this 
* Ann, sc. nat. 2, sér. vol. xviii. 1842, p. 218. 
T Veg. Kingd. 1847, p. 351. 
t lbid. p. 352. 
