ON THE STRUCTURE OF CRUCIFEROUS FLOWERS, 11 
In the Matthiola incana* the annular ring in question has two 
slight lobes above, and is more developed on that side than below: 
the gland forces down the stamen, and with it the foliole of the 
ealyx which is beneath (De Candolle). This then is the true cause 
to which we alluded of the depression of the single stamen and of 
the lateral leaflets of the calyx. 
A similar organization is met with more or less in the greater 
part of the Cruciferæ. When quite young the glandular ring of 
Matthiola incana is equally developed both above and below, as is 
apparent in the excellent figure of Professor Kunth : t it is only in 
a more advanced age that the inequality takes place. 
In the Diplotaxis muralis the ring is interrupted and reduced 
to a large single gland scarcely lobed, and placed above the inser- 
tion of the filament.f Even this modification is sufficient to 
determine a change in the position of the stamen. ` 
In the Aubrietia deltoidea, the glandular ring is likewise inter- 
rupted but inversely. The gland is shaped like a horse-shoe, the 
hollow side of which is turned upwards.| It is remarkable that 
in this plant the inequality of insertion is little perceptible. 
In Koniga or Octadenia, instead of a glandular ring we find 
two glands placed on either side of the filament. These glands 
have very little influence on the insertion of the simple stamens, 
which is nearly on the same level with that of the double. 
- It will be easily seen that such glands as these, sometimes _ 
annular, sometimes above, sometimes below the stamen, can — - 
represent no particular organ. Even if we admitted a triple — 
andrœæceum as possible in this family, it would not explain such an ui x 
. Organization, ie : 
We now come to the double stamens. These are never im- _ 
* See also Cheiranthus (Dichroanthus) mutabilis. Phyt. Can. sect. 1, vol. 8, tab. 1, me a 
Jig. 3. d 
T M. Lestiboudois speaks of this position of the gland in this plant, and in the — — 
Brassica campestris, and he rightly considers it the commonest. See too Raphanus 
sativus. Plée, Types des fam. Crucif. fig. 1. or 
+ In some species the gland is enlarged downwards, and fills the hollow at the hase 
of the foliole (Lestiboudois). In this case the foliole has frequently a protraction at 
= its base shaped like a spur. (De Candolle) — — 
i De Candolle, Phyt. Can. tab. 1, fig. 3. —— 
