Aveust 25, 1914] A FascicLE or NonrH Acusan Fies 2373 
trail along the main ridge little by little each day while 
collecting. The summit of Duros Peak was the most difficult. 
I have never seen woods more thickly infested with spiny rat- 
tans and climbing bamboos. On Duros I was at a loss as to 
a which direction to proceed. The woods and forests were so 
thick, I could barely see the bluish mountain range through 
the limbs ahead of me. Twice I started to cut trails north- 
ward, only to fiad myself in the wrong. Finally a third direction 
was Started and I found myself upon a small ridge which led 
out into the deserted Manmanua field and their cabin at the upper 
end. From this point up to the lake the trail was well marked, 
though from the lake f had agiin to cut my trail along the ridge 
to the summit which alone took a couple of days. But I 
had my bearings and it was only ʻa matter of working 
straight to the point. The Manobos knew the lower region 
perfectly, though they tried to mislead me continually. Later 
I found certain stretches of their own beaten trail across 
< difficult places, though most of the way through the forests they 
meander about without trails. The Bagobos in the Mount Apo 
region are quite different in this respect. I have always found 
the wild people as reluctant as the Christian Filipinos to climb 
the higher mountains. Not because of superstitious fears but 
rather because of the cold clammy climate and necessary physical 
exertion. And after winning my way with them to the sum- 
mits, they felt that they had been conquered. 
In the above paragraphs I have used the word Man- 
manua for a people. They are the most primitive in north- 
eastern Mindanao and inhabit the higher interior regions only. 
The few I have seen were rather tall or slender, are prac- 
tically black and have curly hair. They no doubt represent 
the Negritos in this region, and they have a distinct dialect 
different from their Manobo masters. 
All of the three or four summit peaks of Mount Urdaneta are 
rigidly wooded, the gentle depressions in between are very humid 
and thickly forested. The highest one is fartherest out, and 
I should judge is 6500 feet high. From a treetop I 
could see grand views in between the rapidly fleeting clouds. 
The white coast line of northern Mindanao washed by Surigao 
Sea seemed at our feet. The Agusan River appeared as a 
silvery line, and the grayish white Minusuang River bed could 
