what stiffly coriaceous, pellucido-punctuate : female 
catkins long peduncled, shorter than the leaves, glab- 
rous: flowers rather remote: cups obliquely clavate, 
the exterior lip galiate, the interior smaller: ovary 
depressed, globose : stigmas 3-4, small. 
The female figure of the plate seems upon the 
whole to correspond pretty well with this character, 
though there are undoubted discrepancies; these how- 
ever will, I suspect, on comparing a number of 
specimens, be found referable rather to individual 
peculiarities of specimens than to specific differences. 
1944. MULDERA TRICHOSTACHYA (Miq.), upper 
leaves lanceolate or oblong lanceolate, equal-sided, 
moderately acutely acuminate, base equal, obtuse or 
acute, quintuple-nerved, coriaceous, pellucido-punc- 
tuate; peduncles glabrous, about the length of the 
petiols: male catkins elongated: cups obliquely 
sub-globose, constricted at the base, puberulous or 
hairy within. 
Malabar, in forests climbing on trees. This spe- 
cies seems very distinct from M. Wightiana, as shown 
by the shape of the flower cups. 
1945. CHLORANTHUS INpircos (R. W.), shrubby, 
ramous: leaves short petioled, broadly oval, obtuse 
at both ends, crenately serrated, glabrous; pedun- 
cles terminal, spicately panicled : flowers numerous, 
sessile. 
The order CAloranthacee is a small one, consist- 
ing of 4 or 5 genera, and distinguished like most of 
the peppers by having neither calyx nor corolla. 
Chloranthus is distinguished from the following by 
having a broadly dilated 3-lobed filament which 
seems to perform the functions of a perianth. The 
middle lobe bears a perfect 2-celled anther, and each 
of the lateral ones a one-celled one, or half anther, so 
that in place of the genus being triandrous, as usually 
described, it seems more properly diandrous with 
the posterior anther split into two halves. This is 
shown in figures 5 and 6 of the plate. The species 
here represented may perhaps prove Blume's C. 
officinalis which I have not seen, neither have I ac- 
cess to his character. 
SARCANDRA (Gardner, Cal. Jour. vol. 6, p. 348.) 
Gen. CHAR. Flowers hermaphrodite, sessile in 
a boat-shaped bract. Perianth none, stamen one, 
inserted on the ovary; filament thick and fleshy ; 
anther introrse, 2-celled, opening longitudinally. 
Ovary 1-celled, with a single pendulous ovule; stigma 
sessile, depressed. Drupe l-seeded, putamin thin, 
fragile, seed pendulous, testa membranaceous, embryo 
antitropous, enclosed in a fleshy albumen, radicle 
inferior—A shrub, branches nodosely articulated : 
leaves opposite, petioled, penninerved, coarsely glan- 
duloso-serrated ; petiols uniting at the base into a 
short stem-clasping sheath: inflorescence terminal, 
paniculately spiked. 
1946. SARCANDRA CHLORANTHOIDES (Gardner). 
Ceylon, Pulney Mountains, Courtallum, &c. 
This is a rather common shrub in the sub-alpine 
jungles of the places indicated. In the figure—which 
was not prepared under my <, nia seid and, 
as regards the fruit, from impe specimens—the 
artist has not understood the sections of the fruit, 
which I find he took from specimens in a state too 
young for satisfactory dissection. The figures 5, 6, 
and 8 are all wrong and ought not to have been in- 
troduced into the plate. 
1947. CALLITRICHE WIGHTIANA (Wall), stems 
depressed, creeping : leaves all obovate, tapering at 
the base, obtuse, 3-nerved: flowers nearly sessile; 
the pedicels without bracteoles : fruit of 4 equal lobes, 
each with a winged keel at the back; pericarp mem- 
branous and cellular. 
Frequent on the Neilgherries, in swampy ground 
and streams. 
1948. I. IL. CerATOPHYLLUM MURICATUM (Cbam.), 
fruit elliptical, slightly compressed, furnished with 3 
(or occasionally 4) spines, winged, not gibbous; spines 
slender, weak; wing narrow, regularly many-toothed ; 
sides of the fruit convex, more or less muricated, par- 
ticularly towards the apex. 
Tanjore and Coimbatore in wells. Figure I., in 
the accompanying plate, was taken from recent speci- 
mens gathered in Coimbatore. Figure IL, from the 
specimen from which the above character was taken. 
There are some differences in the aspect which how- 
ever do not appear of specific value. 
1948. III. CERATOPHYLLUM TUBERCULATUM (Cham.), 
fruit ellipsoidal, slightly compressed, not gibbous, 
furnished with 3 spines, wingless; spines at first 
slender and weak, afterwards strong; sides of the 
fruit convex, finely tubercled. 
Tanjore in Wells. 
1948. IV. CERATOPHYLLUM MISSIONIS (Wall.), fruit 
ellipsoidal, slightly compressed, not gibbous, furnished 
with 3 spines, winged; spines elongated, lateral ones 
flattened; the wing broader downwards and decur- 
rent along the base of the spines, with a few irregular 
teeth: sides of the fruit convex, finely tubercled. 
This and the last do not appear to have been dis- 
tinguished by the Missionaries : at least the specimen 
sent by Klein to Willdenow belongs to the one, while 
those from his (or the Madras) herbarium before us 
have the fruit ofthe present species: except in the 
presence or absence of the wing there is, however, no 
difference, and we have merely separated them in 
deference to Chamisso's observations on the genus. 
Perhaps the whole three species ought to be combined. 
as varieties under Roxburgh's name of C. verticillatum, 
characterized as a species by the ellipsoidal, tubercled 
or muricated, 3-spined, not gibbous, fruit. W. & A. 
Prod. 310. 
1949. Macaranga. For explanations of this 
plate see vol. 5, Part 2d, page 23, under No. 1883, 
where specific characters of each of the subjects here 
represented are given. 
1950. Sarrum Ixprcum (Willd.), leaves, ovate, ob- 
long, acuminate, acutely serrated, biglandulose at the 
base: spikes solitary, male flowers fascicled, trian- 
drous: bracts supported by two fleshy glandular 
bodies: 3-parted, lobes cordato-ovate, fringed : 
styles su stigma simple, pointed. 
Mergui, Griffith. According to Roxburgh the juice 
of this tree is reckoned very poisonous. It is a 
native of the Delta of the Ganges, and, if Rheede's 
qa MEME 51) be really this tree, also 
of Malabar. 
. 1298 3 
