16. P. pentandra (Bennett, Ico. 696, Urtica pentan- 
dra, Roxb.), stem ramous, 4-sided towards the apex : 
leaves sessile, narrow lanceolate, cordate, pilose on 
both sides, scabrous above; upper ones reduced in 
size but similar in form: flowers pentandrous : fruit 
winged, cordate. 
Caleutta, Roxburgh. Java, Bennett. 
17. P. Walkeriana (R. W., 16), erect, sparingly 
ramous : leaves short petioled, lanceolate, narrow or 
acute at the base, pilose on both sides, scarcely scab- 
rous, ciliate on the margin; upper floral ones narrow 
lanceolate, sessile, sub-cordate : flowers pentandrous : 
fruit winged, without intermediate ribs. 
Ceylon, Col. Walker. This species is very near 
pentandra, which indeed I at first considered it, until 
more careful examination enabled me to detect my 
error. 
18. P. Stocksii, (R. W., 28-20 ?) straggling ramous, 
seeking support and then ascending; stem and 
branches four-angled, furrowed between, glabrous: 
petiols short, connected by a broad scarious stipule : 
leaves glabrous except the hispid margin, from oval 
obtuse at both ends to cordato-ovate obtuse; floral 
ones sessile, narrow ovato-lanceolate obtuse; flowers 
few, axilary, pentandrous, fruit ovate, ribbed or 
broadly two or sometimes three-winged. 
Coimbatore, Anamally forests, Belgaum ۶ Dalzell ; 
Deccan, Stocks. ; 
The three specimens, thus associated, all differ but 
yet possess so much in common that I see no other 
alternative for the present than that of uniting them 
until more perfect ones of the two last are obtained. 
Mr. Dalzell's specimen is a branch of a young plant 
not yet properly in fruit, Dr. Stocks' of a loose strag- 
gling one which he found growing in the bed of a river 
and probably much modified in its mode of growth by 
the locality, as itsleaves are alternate! though so dis- 
tinctly appertaining to the opposite-leaved group. If 
other specimens of this last are found constant in 
regard to the alternate leaves it will form a very dis- 
tinct species. Until that is ascertained it seems more 
closely to resemble my plant than any other I have 
seen. Mr. Dalzell describes his as being quite erect, 
but then it is only half-grown and may, when further 
advanced, show the straggling habit of mine with 
which in other respects it seems to associate. 
19. P. ramosissima (R. W. 17), erect, very ra- 
mous, branches ascending, hispid: leaves subsessile, 
ovate cordate obtuse, sparingly pubescent above, gla- 
brous beneath except the margin which is hispid; 
upper ones much reduced, sessile, varying from 
broad deeply cordate to ovato-lanceolate: flowers 
pentaudrous, fruit 2-3-winged, prominently ribbed 
between the wings. 
Neilgherries. My specimens of this plant are not 
* very satisfactory as they seem to have been injured 
or grew under unfavourable circumstances as, in 
one, the stems are erect and the branches all reflexed 
and drooping, while in another they are cernuous: 
the latter had been injured in its primary shoot and 
thence gave off numerous laterals. The form how- 
ever of the leaves, their small size, about an inch long, 
their glabrous surfaces and hispid margins, leaves no 
doubt of this being a very distinct species. 
20. P. glabra (R. W. 15), stems erect, sparingly 
branched, glabrous, terete: leaves long lanceolate, 
acute at both ends, triple-nerved, glabrous on the disk, 
hispid on the margin: upper ones much reduced in 
size, ovate cordate, acute: flowers pentandrous, ses- 
sile: fruit broadly winged with intermediate prom- 
inent ridges. 
21. P. Dalzellii (R. W. 21), procumbent, glabrous: 
leaves subsessile, from ovate to sub-cordato-ovate, 
acute, glabrous except a line of prickly hairs on the 
margin ; floral leaves small, sessile, broad cordate at 
the base, acute: flowers axillary, few, pentandrous : 
fruit ovate, broadly ribbed or winged, furnished be- 
tween with a thick spongy protuberance. 
Canara, Dalzell. 
These three species are al] very like each other. 
The two first, ramosissima and Stocksii, may even 
require to be united, the last is I think quite distinct. 
The spongy protuberance on the back of the fruit 
between the wings, a sort of third very thick wing, 
is quite peculiar. I have attempted, though not very 
suecessfully, to show it in the transverse section. 
Ceylon, Thwaites. This seems, so far as can be 
made out from a single specimen and that somewhat 
injured by insects, a very distinct species, resembling, 
however to some extent, both in habit and outline 
of the foliage, P. Walkeri, though otherwise very 
different. 
* * Flowers tetrandrous. 
22, P. scabra (R. W. 29), erect, scarcely branch- . 
ed, stems terete, glabrous: lower leaves short pe- 
tioled, ovate obtuse at the base, pointed; scabrous 
above, roughly pilose beneath, floriferous portion long 
and slender with minute bract-like sessile cordate 
leaves: fascicles few-flowered: flowers tetrandrous, 
fruit winged, inconspicuously ribbed between. 
Anamallay Mountains, July and August. A very 
marked species, approaching P.aspera in some of its 
features. 
23. P. caudata (Bennett, 27), erect, ramous; 
stems terete, glabrous: leaves sessile, sub-cordato- 
truncate at the base, lanceolate acute or acuminate, 
membranous; smooth and glabrous on both sides: 
floriferous shoots slender with minute bract-like, cor- 
date, acute, leaves: flowers tetrandrous: fruit sim- 
ply ovate, ribbed and winged in the same fascicles. 
Courtallum and Anamally Mountains, flowering 
September. 
24. P. Wallichiana (R. W. 23), fruticose, erect, 
branches terete, pubescent: leaves short petioled, lan- 
ceolate, obtuse at the base, tapering above to a slen- 
der point, hispid on the margin, otherwise nearly 
glabrous above, velvety beneath; floriferous ones 
narrow lanceolate, much reduced in size: flowers 
tetrandrous ; fruit ovate, ribbed, wingless. 
Neilgherries and Tyamally Hills, near Coimbatore. 
This is one of the largest species I have seen, some 
plants I met with on the Neilgherries having attain- 
ed a height of 10 or 12 feet, quite shrubby, but seek- 
ing the support of the surrounding dense arboreous 
jungle. 
25. P. ovata (R. W. 24), erect, sparingly branched, 
stems pubescent or someWhat hoary: leaves short 
petioled, broad ovate, acute, rigid, very scabrous above 
somewhat hoary beneath, hispid on the margin : floral 
leaves much smaller but scarcely changed in form: 
flowers tetrandrous, sessile : fruit ovate, wiugless. 
Iyamally Hills. This ís nearly allied to the pre- 
ceding, but is certainly distinct. In this the largest 
L 
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