270 NOTES ON THE BOTANY 
On leaving Campbell’s Island, 17th December, the Ex- 
pedition bade farewell to terrestrial vegetation; and, when 
about the parallel of Emerald Island in 57°, but at some 
distance from it, they passed some Sea-weed, this proved the 
last trace of vegetation of any kind that was seen. On the 
28th, in lat. 62° 40’, the first of the icebergs came in sight, 
and henceforth these were their constant companions; and 
on the 2d of January, 1841, they procured a piece of rock 
from off one of them. The latitude of Captain Cook’s 
farthest south was passed on the llth, and at 2 P.M., the 
navigators caught the first glimpse of an immense range of 
snow-capped mountains to the southward. On the 12th, in 
lat. 71° 49’, long. 170° 52/, they landed for a few minutes on 
an island off the coast, all snow, with no trace whatever of 
vegetation. It cannot even be stated that the remarkable 
substance, Red Snow, so common in high northern latitudes, 
as also in South America, and respecting the animal or vege- 
table structure of which, naturalists are as much in doubt as 
ever, exists in the extreme southern regions. On the 24th, 
having attained lat. 74? 23/, long. 175° 55’, they beat Wed- 
dell, the individual who had reached a higher southern 
position than any other; and on the 27th, in lat. 75° 47^ 
and long. 168° 58), they effected a landing, with the utmost 
difficulty, on a little island, entirely clad with snow, save on 
the perpendicular cliffs where it cannot lie. The coast was 
lined with ice, but interspersed with fallen masses of stone, 
rocks, and sand, and it was impossible to advance a yard 
into the interior; but far as eye could reach and glasses 
could range, not a particle of vegetation existed. 
.— Vt was on the following day, January 28th, in lat. 76° 57% 
long. 169? 25), that our countrymen first descried that active 
volcano, which could not fail to form a spectacle the most 
stupendous and imposing that can be imagined ; whether con- 
sidered in regard to its position, 773° S. lat., or in reference 
to the fact that no human eye had ever gazed upon it before, 
or to its elevation of 12,600 feet above the level of the sea. 
What increased the wonder is, that it is but one of a stupen- 
