186 MR. H. N. RIDLEY ON THE WEST-AFRICAN 
C. MARGINATUS, Thunb. Prod. p. 18. 
Benguella, prope ripas fluminis Bero et in maritimis prope Benguella, Jun. et Jul. 
1859; in arenosis ad austrum urbis Benguella, no. 6859. 
* Herba perennis halophila, modo crescendi a reliquis hujus generis discrepans." 
The old leaf-sheaths at the base of the stem break up by decay, leaving only the black 
wiry fibro-vascular bundles in a tuft. The culms are more than three feet in height. 
This plant occurs also in South Africa. 
С. Haspan, 1. Sp. Pl. p. 45. 
Congo Ambriz, in sylvestribus uliginosis cum Flagellaria indica, prope vicum Ambriz, 
no. 7035, 7035». 
Bengo, in spongiosis ad fontem ferro oxygenato saturatum, prope Bengo, no. 7086. 
Pungo Andongo, Candumba, ad flumen Cuanza, no. 6982; in pratis humidis prope 
Muta Lucala, at rarius, no. 6982; ad paludes sylvaticas profundiores Preesidii ; Lombe, 
6908. 
This plant is widely distributed over the tropics of both hemispheres. 
C. FLAVIDUS, Retz. Obs. v. p. 13. 
Loanda, in argillaceis stagnorum exsiccatorum agri Loandensis, prope Forte de Congeiao, 
sparsim, Julio 12, 1854, no 7077. Prostratus cespitosus culmis filiformis debilibus. 
Pungo Andongo, in pratis sylvaticis humidis inter Condo et Quisonde ad dextram 
fluminis Cuanza, Martio 1857, no. 6924; Lagoa de Quibinda, 6920; in stagnis prope 
Quisonde, no. 6917. 
It occurs also in Senegal (Adanson, Heudelot) and in India, the Mascarene Islands, 
and Tropical Australasia. 
C. sABULICOLUS, Sp. n. Cæspitosus, radicibus longis tenacibus lanatis; culmis rigidis 
obtuse triquetris canaliculatis vix pedalibus, basi foliis vetustis latis tecta; foliis 
linearibus culmo brevioribus glaucis rigidis 4-uncialibus; involucralibus ssepius 
3-linearibus, basi parum dilatatis; umbella plerumque compacta; ocreis brevibus. 
truneatis brunneis, breviter laminiferis; spiculis pluribus aggregatis linearibus 
multifloris ; squamis ovatis obtusis brevissime mucronatis, lateribus atrosanguineis, 
trinerviis, carina viridi, mucrone recurvo; rhacheola angusta recta exalata, foveolis 
angustis oblongis; stylo trifido gracili rufo haud exserto; caryopsi angusta oblonga 
in foveola ferme celata, trigona alba. 
Barra do Bengo, in collinis sabulosis prope Cacuaco, Dec. 1858, no. 7049. 
Congo, Ambriz, in sabulosis collinis maritimis prope vicum Ambriz, Nov. 1853, no. 7038. 
Huilla, in collinis siccis inter Lopollo et Eme, ad finem Aprilis 1860, no. 6866. 
Pungo Andongo, in paludosis Preesidii, no. 6794. 
This plant forms large masses among the sandhills of the coast and inland; its roots 
are stout and woolly, as is common among sand-loving plants; the lower part of the stem 
