142 MR. Н. М. RIDLEY ON THE WEST-AFRICAN 
incolarum economica utilissima, chartam, tecta, strabula, lecticas, immo pontes etc. indi- 
genis preebere potest.”  Loanda, ad margines rivi Delamboa, socialis cum Caladio, Costo, 
Raphia, etc. Maio 1855, no. 7104; ad stagna Maghellas prope Boa Vista, sparsim, 
no. 7085. 
Common all over Africa, and occurring also in Sicily, Asia Minor, Mauritius. 
C. AuRICOMUS, Sieber, Herb. Ægypt. 
Loanda, Boa Vista, ad stagna artificialia, no. 7043; plus quam 3 metra altus. 
Dande, frequentissima circa lacus ad ripas fluminis Dande, Sept. 1858, 3-5-, imo T- 
pedali; prope Bomba, no. 7042. 
Huilla, in paludibus sylvaticis apud flumen Mupanda, Feb. 1860, no. 6870. 
Barra do Bengo, ad lacum de Quifandongo in paludosis frequens, Dec. 1853, no. 7080. 
The latter is a form with remarkably narrow involucral leaves. 
Egypt; Senegal; Мире; Natal; Cape; Italy (Rabenhorst); India; Malaya; South 
America. 
C. RADIATUS, Vahl, Enum. ii. 369. 
Icolo e Bengo, ad ripas lacus prope Fóto, at non frequens, Sept. 1857, no. 7030. 
Dande, in uliginosis arenoso-argillaceis circa lacus ad dextram fluminis Dande, prope 
Bombe, no. 7036. r 
C. LIGULARIS, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 70. 
Prince’s Island, rarior in subhumidis ad sylvarum margines in ascensu de Pico de 
Papagaio, Sept. 1853, no. 7037. 
Widely distributed in America from Virginia to Brazil; in Africa on the West Coast 
from Senegambia to the Congo; it also occurs in Madeira, the Cape Verd Isles, Fernando 
Noronha, and Madagascar. 
C. FERAX, A. Rich. Act. Soc. Nat. Hist. Paris, i. p. 106. 
Prince’s Island, in littore arenoso humido ad Port de 8. Antonio, at rarior, Sept. 1853; 
“ spiculæ e viridi flavescentes rarius rubellæ ; culmos usque 6-pedales vidi," no. 7033. 
Icolo e Bengo, cæspitose in uliginosis unacum Pistia terrestri, ad margines, Lagoa 
de Quibinda, Sept. 5, 1857. 
A native also of Senegal, Senegambia, Senaar, and Mozambique, as well as Malaya 
and South America. 
Dr. Welwitsch says of it :--“ Spieze juveniles cylindrice, adulte et seminifere dilatatee 
et difformes; in juventute et florentes virides, in vetustate fusco-brunnee.” 
C. pives, Del. Egypt, v. t. 4. fig. 3. 
Pungo Andongo, inter Quisonde et Condo, in paludosis sylvaticis, no. 6989. 
Golungo Alto, frequens ad rivulos Cuango et Quiaposa, prope Sange, Nov. 1854, no. 
7091; 4-7-pedalis. 
Occurs also in Madagascar, Asia Minor, India, Malaya, and Australia. 
