254 MR. Е. Е. IM THURN ON THE PLANTS 
blown about on the surface of the eppelling until the next rains come, when it again 
throws out anchor-like roots into some new furrow. Опе orchid of this wandering ten- 
dency is а Catasetum (С. cristatum? | Ко. 
Fig. 1. 1481); another is the new and very beautiful 
Oncidium, named and described by Mr. 
Ridley in the appended list as O. orthostates 
(Хо. 12]. Sometimes, too, in this same state 
of the eppelling, especially where such ground 
occurs on the brows of exposed hills, shrubs 
of considerable size find anchorage in the 
furrows and flourish. One such hill-top 
which we passed was made very beautiful 
in this way by a large and isolated patch 
of the large rosy-flowered Bonnetia sessilis, 
Benth. [No. 11]. In another similar place 
we passed through a distinct patch of the 
compact Stifftia condensata, Baker | No. 110]. 
And more than one such place was distin- 
guished by thickets of Gomphia guianensis 
ГХо. 15]. 
Lastly, as regards the eppellings where 
the furrows of these places have been worked 
down into the sandstone, and have been much 
enlarged, the deep ravines and pits of all 
sizes thus formed, though bare of vegetation 
wherever the process of water-washing still 
continues in violent action, where this 
action has ceased owing to the stoppage of 
the outlet, or has become much moderated, 
are comparatively thickly clothed with vege- 
tation. | 
Anotherremarkable localized plant, though 
Rock-pillars on the summit of Roraima. not occurring on an eppelling, was the beau- 
tiful Aphelandra pulcherrima? | Хо. 14]. It 
has already been said that, even on the otherwise open savannahs, more or less extensive 
belts of forest often clothe the sides of the narrower parts of the valleys through which 
the rivers run. One such place we came to, where, after crossing the Ireng river and the 
low watershed which there separates that river from its tributary, the Karakanang, we 
were descending toward the level of the last-named river. It was here that, in a some- 
what extensive wood of which most of the trees were common species of Cassia, we found 
the dense, shrubby underwood to consist almost entirely of this beautiful scarlet-flowered 
Aphelandra. 
Throughout a small tract on either side of the Ireng river, where the ground was almost 
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