398 ON THE SELF-FERTILIZATION OF PLANTS. 
Fig. 17. Stamens and style of Circea lutetiana : a, first condition; b, with stigma drawn to one side by 
adhesion to the anther through self-pollinization. 
Fig. 18. Stamen of Sambucus Ebulus: a, side view; b, back view. 
Fig. 19. Floret of Dandelion, showing heliciform stigma; 6, same, still more inrolled. 
Fig. 20. Stigma of Groundsel. In some flowers they remain erect and included within the anther-tube, 
The two kinds may occur in the same head. Se 
Fig. 21. Erythrea Centaurium: a, flower with corolla-lobes closed after expansion; 4, stamen after — 
dehiscence of anther ; c, pistil. 
Fig. 22. Stamen of Solanum nigrum; anther has dehisced the whole way down. 
Fig. 23. Salvia clandestina : a, corolla, with scarcely visible stigma ; b, anther-cells facing and dehiscing 
towards one another; c, style and stigmas curled naturally and also artificially unrolled. d 
Fig. 24. Stigma and anthers of Prunella vulgaris: a, example (after Müller) of the stigma equalling A 
... the anthers in height ; 4, lower than the anthers ; c, the posterior branch has become pollinated. ` 
Fig. 25. a, cleistogamous flower-bud of Lamium amplexicaule; 6, pistil, showing the distorted style, ` 
through growth under confinement; e, section through the flower to show the position of E 
anthers and stigma. a 
Fig. 26.. Veronica spicata: a, flower with dehiscing anthers; b and c, comparative lengths of stele during ` ` 
the dehiscence of the anthers and afterwards. E 
Fig. 27. Stamens and pistil of Veronica Anagallis; one lobe of the corolla reflexed. The anthers and 
stigma brought together by being wrapped up in the petal-lobe. 
Fig. 28. Pistil being pollinated by the anthers of the same flower of a dwarfed specimen of Linaria P 
; vulgaris. ; 
Fig. 29. Corolla of Calceolaria glutinosa : a, side view ; 5, front view of basal part, showing the protruding | 
anther-cells ; c, corolla partly removed to show the lever-like structure of a stamen with dis- 
jointed anther-cells, as in Salvia; d, stamens and pistil of ordinary form of garden Calceolaria. — 
Fig. 30. Stamens (two only drawn) and pistil of Euphrasia officinalis: a, of intercrossing form; 6, of ` 
self-fertilizing form, to show the positions of the stigmas. 
Fig. 31. Stamens and pistil of Orobanche Hedere: a, first stage (two only drawn); b, second stage; ` 
anthers recurved upon the stigma, (This position requires corroboration.) 
Fig. 32. Cleistogamous bud of Epiphegus virginiana: a, calyx removed, corolla dehiscing, the upper part ` 
forming a ealyptra; A. upper part of pistil with one of the two stamens adherent to stigma, 
having been carried up by it on growth. 
Fig. 33. The three stages of Myosotis versicolor. 
Fig. 34. -Pinguicula lusitanica: a, pistil, front view; 5, side view ; c, stigma, reflexed and passing into 
the anther-cells of the two stamens. 
Fig. 35. Flower of Glaux maritima, showing the style recuryed so as to bring the stigma into contact - 
with the anthers. 
Fig. 36. Flower-bud of Tradescantia erecta : calyx removed, excepting one sepal reflexed, withered corolla ` 
partially removed, two aborted anthers, and one perfect, pollinating the stigma; the style had - 
: grown, under confinement, and remained pressed downwards, as shown. 
Fig. 37. One carpel and a stamen of Alisma Plantago, to show their subsequent positions adapted 
for self-fertilization. 
Fig. 38. Stamens and pistil of Hordeum murinum., The filaments remain curved, with the anthers S 
contact with the stigmas, all being completely concealed within the glumes. 
